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Replies to post #42326 on SiNtx Technologies Inc (SINT)
Now what do you think about Titanium being a Neurotoxin and the need to coat it/replace it with Si3N4
Now what do you think about Titanium being a Neurotoxin and the need to coat it/replace it with Si3N4
Potential neurotoxicity of titanium implants: Prospective, in-vivo and in-vitro study
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a frequently used biomaterial, particularly in orthopedic and dental implants, and it is considered an inert and benign compound. This has resulted in toxicological scrutiny for TiO2 in the past decade, with numerus studies showing potential pathologic downstream effects. Herein we describe case report of a 77-year-old male with subacute CNS dysfunction, secondary to breakdown of a titanium-based carotid stent and leading to blood levels 1000 times higher (3 ppm) than the reported normal.
Rats bearing titanium implants or intravascularly treated with TiO2 nanoparticles (TiNP) exhibited memory impairments. A human blood-brain barrier (BBB) in-vitro model exposed to TiNP showed paracellular leakiness, which was corroborated in-vivo with the decrease of key BBB transcripts in isolated blood vessels from hippocampi harvested from TiNP-treated mice. Titanium particles rapidly internalized into brain-like endothelial cells via caveolae-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis and induced pro-inflammatory reaction with increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes and proteins. Immune reaction was mediated partially by IL-1R and IL-6. In summary, we show that high levels of titanium accumulate in humans adjacent to orthopedic implants, and our in-vivo and in-vitro studies suggest it may be neurotoxic.
Quote Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0142961221003951
