Nokia had license for CDMA in the 90s...3G starting in 2001....then from April 2007 to July 2008 they battled...and agreed to a 15 year license starting 2008 inclusive of 4G.
. It took QCOM 10yrs+ to get Nokia to surrender...this was the defining company who took Qcom to this level
I was there before, during, and after. QCOM had received as much complaints, critics, "Monday night quarterback"... as IDCC at this time. There are lots of money involved, and all these things are expected. Qcom leveraged their successful chipset programs to crush any unwilling manufacture!
IDCC has tried the same thing but failed. Hopefully the IoT (M2M), carrier aggregation-network sharing stuff would help them. Imo