Generalities probably arn't very useful but over and over again whenever Islam has gone back to a strict interpretation of the sharia Jihad has been very violent. The Berbers in north Africa were a good example of that. Only when the legal scholars have had some time to rebuild another interpretation has Islam calmed down. I think it is at the point in Iran right now, or nearing it. In Spain when the Berbers invaded they were very cruel and one of the claims of the Christians at the time was that the Berbers were being very harsh to the Jews. Many of the Sepharim left at that time and went to Alexandria and Baghdad.