That has nothing to do with my question here on planet Earth.
I asked how pharma companies prescribe painkillers. You are citing stories about how pharmas PROMOTE their product -- just as every manufacturer everywhere, even including BIEL to a small extent, promotes their product.
You're citing stories about Purdue and Portnoy, apparently in an attempt to lump all pharmas and doctors into one group of unsavory unethical entities. For some reason. Boredom? I get that. BIEL is boring.