How do you think buying and selling transactions happen? MM can buys shares and always short to offset any loses if the stock goes down and if it goes up they have shares to sell. Where is the volume if I am wrong? PPS has been in a downward spiral and yet there has been buying volume? Are you that hell bent on believing this is not happening? If ECT has stoped selling and there are buyers then like any stock the PPS will go up. Not happening here is it?