Liquidmetal Technologies Inc (LQMT)

[joshuaeyu]

Here's a good article on Magnesium with Li's involvement and its relationship to medical and auto world

http://ireport.cnn.com/docs/DOC-1248272

World's most promising business in 21st Century
By 66ivan | Posted June 10, 2015 | New York

Albanian Minerals President and CEO Sahit Muja said, “Magnesium is a new and essential building blocks for societies in 21st century is the World's most promising business in the 21st Century. Thousands of scientific inventions and discoveries are underway, scientists and engineers are finding a wide variety to use magnesium materials in all moving vehicles, computers, electronics nanotechnology, robotics, 3D printing, genetic engineering and thousands other applications. Magnesium alloy properties has higher strength, lighter weight, increased control of light spectrum, and greater chemical reactivity than their larger-scale counterparts. Nanotechnology is a future in which the ability to understand and control matter at the nano scale leads to a revolution in technology and industry that benefits society”.

Sahit Muja added that; Creating a material that’s both strong and lightweight is the ultimate goal for all global manufacturers. Recently, magnesium alloys have gained huge attention as world’s lightest structural material. Nanotechnology is helping revolutionize many technology and industry sectors, information technology, energy, environmental science, medicine, homeland security, food safety, and transportation, among many others. Rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries are a promising technology to address future electrical energy storage needs of large scale. Thousands of scientists worldwide are considering magnesium a next big thing in energy storage. Center for Energy Storage Research Director George Crabtree has emphasized magnesium-ion battery advances as one of the initiative’s most promising advances.

Dr. William Davis, M.D. highlight the importance of magnesium for the reduction of high cholesterol.
There are a number of ways to significantly reduce cholesterol using diet and nutritional supplements. Magnesium can act like a natural statin drug and lower bad cholesterol (LDL), reduce triglycerides and increase good cholesterol.

A team of material scientists at Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea announced what they’re calling one of the biggest steel breakthroughs of the last few decades using magnesium: New type of flexible, ultra-strong, lightweight steel.

Scientists at Pohang University made a steel that takes advantage of B2’s hardness and austenite’s ductility. By adding nickel and temperature-treating an alloy of iron, aluminium, magnesium and carbon, they induced smatterings of B2 to form evenly throughout the steel. The resulting material, in which the hard B2 lattices reinforce the supple austenite matrix, has impressive tensile strength

This new metal has a strength-to-weight ratio that matches even our best titanium alloys, but at one tenth the cost, and can be created on a small scale with machinery already used to make automotive-grade steel. The study appears in Nature.
“Because of its lightness, our steel may find many applications in automotive and aircraft manufacturing,” says Hansoo Kim, the researcher that led the team.

Albanian Minerals President and CEO Sahit Muja said. There is no doubt in my mind that magnesium will become the world’s most important metal for the 21st century. I have been chasing magnesium all my life. My strategy to explore magnesium mines and opportunity goes back to a vision which took shape 30 years ago in Albania. As Albanian Minerals CEO, I have been carving out a forward-thinking strategy to secure world’s largest and best magnesium reserves and leading a new edge in magnesium production far into the future.

Albanian Minerals globaly holds the world’s largest and richest magnesium ore mines and reserves, over 20 billion tons in proven reserves, estimated worth trillions of dollars as pure magnesium metal. The magnesium in Albanian Minerals mine’s is finest in the world, with over 54% rich in magnesium content.
Albanian Minerals CEO Sahit Muja said, “God has build with magnesium. This marvelous mineral wonder lies at the heart and body of every living thing. Magnesium has build, mountains, land and is present into a sea, ocean, lake, and rivers. Magnesium is the next big thing in the 21st century a new great building block of the new developed world.


Chinese engineers and researchers from a Chinese University have built a prototype for a “super maglev” with magnesium alloys that operates within a vacuum tube and travels as fast as 3,000 km/h, though that is technology that will likely be used for military or space launch systems, researchers said.

Shanghai Maglev, also known as Shanghai Transrapid, is currently the fastest train in the world. CRH 380A running between Beijing and Shanghai, was manufactured by CSR Qingdao Sifang Locomotive & Rolling Stock. AGV Italo, touted to be the most modern train in Europe, has a maximum operational speed of 360kmph
The primary structural material used for buildings is magnesium alloy.

Guinness World Records recognized NASA’s X-43A build with magnesium alloys scramjet with a new world speed record for a jet-powered aircraft – Mach 9.6, or nearly 7,000 mph. The X-43A set the new mark and broke its own world record on its third and final flight on Nov. 16, 2004.

World’s fastest aircraft, fastest jet, fastest airplane have been developed by designers primarily through the use of more powerful engines and the reduction of drag through aerodynamic engineering. Today’s fastest aircraft incorporate magnesium alloys and specially formulated steel along with carbon and graphite composite materials.

The Hennessey Venom GT is the fastest road car in the world, setting a mark of 270.49mph early in 2014. It beat the previous title holder, the Bugatti Veyron Super Sport, by just 0.63mph.Hennessey Venom GT is build by lightweight magnesium alloy and titanium alloy.


Magnesium alloys are mixtures of magnesium with other metals aluminium, zinc, manganese, silicon, copper, rare earths and zirconium. Magnesium is the lightest structural metal. Magnesium alloys have a hexagonal lattice structure, which affects the fundamental properties of these alloys
Canon 5DS include a 50.6 MP full-frame CMOS sensor that will be packed in a body made of magnesium alloy.

Panasonic Toughbook 31 include a magnesium alloy case, sunlight-viewable touchscreen, reinforced locking port covers.
laptops are getting slimmer, lighter, and overall more portable than ever before (have a look at Michael Dell introducing a new notebook 25 years ago), but if your work (or pleasure) takes you off the beaten path into some extreme environments, a thin and light machine probably isn’t your best bet.
Hewlett-Packard, Samsung, Dell has reduced the weight by using a chassis that is made from forged magnesium-lithium alloy and carbon fiber.

The 2016 Mercedes-AMG GT S is a stunning new grand used a mix of steel, light alloy and magnesium to body.
BMW’s and Volkswagen’s self-parking vehicles are incorporation of innovative new materials magnesium lithium alloys.

The aerospace industry has long recognized the benefits of high-performance magnesium alloys for reducing weight in fuselage structures and aircraft skins, interior appliances, aero engine frames and components, helicopter transmissions and aircraft wheels. For these and other applications in both commercial and military aircraft, demand is rising for advanced higher-performance, high-temperature Elektron magnesium alloys that are also corrosion-resistant and ignition-resistant.

Magnesium’s weight advantage over aluminum (aluminum is 50% heavier) makes it an attractive alternative, especially now that higher fuel costs and increasingly stringent environmental requirements are driving aerospace initiatives to reduce weight and carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, durable, lightweight magnesium components cost less than those made from carbon graphite composite materials.

Magnesium Elektron’s versatile, high-performance magnesium alloys offer aircraft component designers high-temperature characteristics, pressure tightness and the ability to produce complex shapes by casting, machining, extruding or forging. These alloys enable engines and power transmission systems to run safely at higher temperatures without gear misalignment or the need to seal the component against oil seepage.

New Magnesium based alloy as World’s strongest and lightest metal to change the world: Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a material using magnesium which is light like aluminum, but as strong as titanium alloys. This material has the highest strength-to-weight ratio known to mankind.

German high-tech medical equipment company AAP Implantate is forward-thinking in its approach to medical magnesium alloy technology and its world-class portfolio includes bone cement, bone graft substitutes, antibiotic carriers and implants used for bone fracture healing and joint replacement.

Michele Manuel, professor of materials science and engineering at the University of Florida has developed a surgical pin made from magnesium and is working to control the rate at which the pin degrades in the body. In laboratory tests, the pin offers several advantages over the plastic and stainless steel or titanium pins currently used. The magnesium pin not only biodegrades but also aids healing. Magnesium builds bone, so it can function both as a pin and as a nutrient.

The magnesium alloys have received significant attention as potential biomaterials for degradable implants. Chinese magnesium alloy maker DongGuan Eontec Co., Ltd announced that its biodegradable magnesium alloy bone fixation screw has received Chinese regulatory inspection approval.

In order to improve the quality of life for patients by avoiding secondary operations, researchers led by Professor Karl Ulrich Kainer and Professor Regine Willumeit at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht are developing new biomaterials that are more durable and resilient and that can be better integrated into the body

German research team headed by Maximilian Fichtner and Zhirong Zhao-Karger has now presented a new promising electrolyte, which might allow for the development of an entirely new generation of batteries.

Mr. Muja said, “The doctors and scientists now believe that most chronic diseases may have the same root cause: inflammation.
In a breakthrough study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, researchers concluded that the healthful effect of magnesium intake on chronic diseases. Magnesium’s unique ability to inhibit inflammation and lower CRP levels is a tremendous advance in curbing chronic disease".

Magnesium is crucial for bone strength and development, and it’s required for over 300 enzymatic reactions, including many of the reactions that generate energy for your cells and control critical neurotransmitters.

Magnesium has huge potential on building world’s most fuel efficient cars and transportation equipments.

The Korea Institute of Science and Technology have successfully developed and tested the Magnesium-Air battery technology.
The development phase is already quite advanced as this technology is not only running in the laboratory but already in cars, a vehicle AD Motors Change EV has been equipped with this new battery technology, confirming its potential, and a charging time announced at ten minutes. The KIST promises up to 800km of range – without revealing the capacity in kWh.

Toyota announced to work on Magnesium-Ion batteries for its vehicles, and it is now a Korean Institute that has developed a Magnesium-air technology that allows energy density 5 times higher than lithium-Ion.

The 2014 Volkswagen XL1 is currently the most fuel-efficient production car in the world. It had a carbon fiber body, magnesium alloy frame. The magnesium has contributed on building this car, which can do a staggering 313 miles per gallon.

General Motors (NYSE:GM) and GM China Advanced Technical Centre have begun operating a new magnesium alloy machine for developing next-generation magnesium castings, the company said.

GM’s Vertical Squeeze Casting (VSC) machine, will make it easier to manufacture vehicle parts from magnesium and marks a “breakthrough” in its lightweight materials research, the company said. The machine, designed by GM’s lightweight materials research teams in Detroit and Shanghai.

Currently Albanian Minerals holds the world’s largest and richest magnesium ore mines and reserves, over 20 billion tons, estimated worth trillions of dollars as pure magnesium metal.The magnesium in Albanian Minerals mine’s is finest in the world, with over 54% rich in magnesium content.

Sahit Muja added that,There is unprecedented interest in magnesium, as sources of sustainable supply for new batteries and significantly lighter alloys. Magnesium will profoundly changed the economic outlook of clean energy sources. Also magnesium can be used to producing hydrogen, wind turbines, robots and capturing carbon dioxide.

Magnesium has low density and high strength, magnesium can form high-strength alloy with, chrome aluminum, copper, manganese, nickel, titanium, zinc and other metals as an important alloying element. Currently, China is a major producer and consumer of magnesium in the world. In 2013, China produced 770,000 tons of primary magnesium which was equivalent to 89% of the world’s output.

There is huge potential to produce Magnesium ore Eco-cements, Magnesium cements absorb CO2 as they set, Magnesium cements can have greater compressive and tensile strength, greater capacity to “breathe” and to bond. Magnesium has the potential to revolutionise the way we capture and convert the CO2 into magnesium carbonate. Scientists has discovered that magnesium bearing minerals has clean the world in beginning from CO2.

Doron Aurbach of Bar Ilan University has new technologies. The most promising one is based on magnesium ion, which supplies more power than lithium-ion batteries (a positive charge of two, rather than one for lithium-ions) and is cheaper to produce. By using nano-materials to tweak individual cells, Mr. Aurbach believes that new batteries could be significantly lighter, and last 100% longer than current ones.

Japanese scientist Yoshihito Kawamura, a materials science professor at Kumamoto University, and his colleagues have developed two strong, nonflammable magnesium alloys that could be used in aircraft construction.

ARPA innovative and collaborative government agency that brings together America’s best and brightest scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs is supporting magnesium research.


Toyota (NYSE:TM) has begun development on magnesium-sulfur batteries for electric cars. The latest batch of plug-in hybrids and electric vehicles to hit the market typically use lithium-ion batteries, similar to those found in laptops. Although more expensive, Li-Ion cells do hold more power than the nickel-metal hydride batteries used in many hybrids, including Toyota’s Prius.

Scientists in Lyon, a French city famed for its cuisine, have discovered a quick-cook recipe for copious volumes of hydrogen (H2).
The breakthrough suggests a better way of producing the hydrogen. Nature produces hydrogen through “serpentinization.” When water meets the ubiquitous mineral olivine under pressure, the rock absorbs mostly oxygen (O) atoms from H2O, transforming olivine into another mineral, serpentine.

In a microscopic high-pressure cooker called a diamond anvil cell combine ingredients: aluminum oxide, water, and the magnesium base mineral olivine. Set at 200 to 300 degrees Celsius and 2 kilobars pressure—comparable to conditions found at twice the depth of the deepest ocean. Cook for 24 hours. And voilà.

Magnesium, olivine can make a significant contribution in the fight against climate change: Peter Kelemen from the University of Columbia and other Scientists have known for some time that in geological periods immediately following the creation of mountain ranges the level of CO2 in the atmosphere drops significantly. This is because plate tectonics (or continental drift) which creates these mountains does so by pushing hot magma through the crust and exposing it to the atmosphere.

Magnesium Silicate has an incredible affinity with CO2. It requires heat to kick start the reaction but, after that, it is exothermic and fuels itself. It will keep going until either the Olivine or the CO2 runs out. To give you an idea of how powerful this affinity is, it is estimated that 1 cubic kilometer of olivine is capable of removing an amazing 4 billion tons of CO2. When you consider that CO2 is around 1000 larger in volume than liquid (or solid) CO2 then the volume of gaseous CO2 capable of being held by 1 cubic km of Olivine is quite unbelievable.

World produces around 30 billion tons of CO2 each year. So if 1 kilometer of magnesium olivine could be encouraged to fully combine with CO2 every 6 or 7 weeks it would completely wipe out man’s entire CO2 production!

The University of Manchester led to development of a new class of high performance, low density magnesium alloys.
Made today by Magnesium Elektron (ME), the international leader in magnesium alloys, these alloys are today helping aerospace and automotive manufacturers to increase product performance and reduce fuel consumption of aircraft and motor vehicles.New computers and Notebooks features thin and lightweight thanks to a lightweight magnesium chassis.

Today the new alloys and associated corrosion protection systems are used extensively in helicopter and fixed wing military aircraft, including the Westland Lynx, McDonnell Douglas MD500, F22 Raptor and Apache Mark-3 attack helicopter and the F35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). Replacing aluminium, the alloys give a 35% mass reduction so the aircraft meet critical performance and range targets.
These aircraft are being manufactured in large numbers; approximately 3,100 F35 JSF aircraft are expected to be in service by 2035.

The Robotics Revolution indicates that technology could replace workers for 80 percent of current jobs. Robots will soon be everywhere, in our home and at work. They will change the way we live. Made of magnesium alloy Honda built latest robot, Asimo. It chatted in English with US President Barack Obama then ran, jumped and kicked a soccer ball.

BMW i8 coupe is the first plug-in hybrid vehicle from the German automaker; a revolutionary interpretation of BMW (MILAN:BMW)’s hallmark driving pleasure combined with a groundbreaking premium character and Intelligent lightweight construction with elements include magnesium.

Samsung (LONDON:0593xq) launch of the revolutionary NX1 camera – combining cutting edge design with highly durable magnesium alloy body.

Renault SA (PARIS:RENA) car ceiling is made of magnesium and weighs only 4 kilograms and body aerodynamic efficiency has been improved by 30 percent compared to the Clio.

The Mercedes-AMG GT S used a mix of steel, light alloy and magnesium to the body.

Silicon Valley venture capital group, Khosla Ventures, is investing in a spin-off company of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Pellion Technologies, that is in the midst of developing magnesium-ion batteries which some researchers say could potentially replace lithium-ion batteries. Not only is magnesium cheaper than lithium, it also has the potential to have twice the energy density of the lithium-ion batteries that are currently being used in electric cars as well as many electronic devices.

According to Pellion Technologies, if their research is successful, “this project will develop the first commercial magnesium-ion battery and will establish US technological leadership in this exciting new high energy battery chemistry for electrified vehicle applications.” Hence, the US Department of Energy’s backing of the project through a $3.2 million Advanced Research Projects.

A Tainan-based National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) research team led by Prof. Fei-Yi Hung, Chun-Shing Lu and Li-Huei Chen from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering working with its instrument center has developed next-generation magnesium batteries that could replace lithium batteries.
The team has been working on the research of magnesium battery, and has succeeded in overcoming the problems caused by the high activity of magnesium and increasing the stability, Prof. Hung revealed.

Prof. Hung said, the stability of the magnesium battery prototype has been increased by controlling the reduction-oxidation effects and by the use of magnesium membrane electrodes and magnesium powder electrodes technology”.

Britain’s first battery-powered train is being put through its paces in a series of on-track trials – a move that could ultimately lead to a fleet of battery-powered trains running on Britain’s rail network. The trains could be used to replace the current diesel-powered fleet of trains currently used on lines that are not economically viable to electrify.
The project is trialling at a test track in Derby using the Abellio Greater Anglia Class 379 unit that is normally electricity drawn from overhead power lines. The tests will culminate in a series of high-speed tests at the Rail Innovation and Development Centre in Nottinghamshire later this year.

James Ambrose, a senior engineer at Network Rail, said: “Although we’ve retrofitted the Abellio Greater Anglia Class 379 unit with lithium iron magnesium batteries, we continue to test other possible solutions so we can gather as much information and comparison data as possible for future development.”

Slovenian Chemistry Experts Developing New-Generation Car Batteries Ljubljana, 14 January (STA) – A team of National Institute of Chemistry researchers headed by Robert Dominko is developing two types of new electric car batteries; sustainable magnesium batteries are being developed in cooperation with the Japanese car maker Honda, while a new generation of lithium-sulphur batteries is being developed in cooperation with European partners.

Chevrolet looks set to beat Tesla to the punch, unveiling its Bolt concept, a hatchback using lightweight body materials and a pure electric drivetrain.
The Bolt is similar in size and shape to the Nissan Versa, although the seating looks limited to four passengers. A small cargo area behind the rear seats allows for luggage. The structure seems to be a test bed for lightweight materials, as Chevrolet notes that it uses “aluminum, magnesium, carbon fiber and even woven mesh” in the body.

Details on the drivetrain were slim, although Chevrolet says this pure electric cars should go 200 miles on a charge. It also allows Level 3 fast charging, although the charging port only shows a J1772 connector. Chevrolet is leveraging the electric drivetrain development it has already done for the Volt and Spark EV production cars.
Helping out the driving range, Chevrolet says the Bolt will adjust its ride height for differing driving conditions, also suggesting it has an adaptive suspension.


New magnesium alloy materials, processors, and designs make 2015 a big year for weight reduction and strength for cellphones, laptops, desktops, hybrids and tablets. The iPhone 6 and the Samsung Galaxy S6 use magnesium alloy, Apple , Microsoft, Panasonic and Dell; laptops, computers and other products use magnesium alloy.

New York University Polytechnic School of Engineering have created a new metal matrix composite that is so light it can float on water.
The magnesium alloy matrix composite is what is known as a syntactic foam: a type of composite material created by filling a metal, polymer or ceramic matrix with hollow particles. In this case, a magnesium alloy matrix is reinforced with hollow particles of silicon carbide, resulting in what the researchers claim is the world's first lightweight metal matrix syntactic foam.

This structure helps give the material a density of 0.92 grams per cubic centimeter, which is less than the 1 g/cc density of water, thereby giving it the ability to float on water and potentially be used in the construction of marine vessels that stay afloat even after experiencing damage to their structure. Furthermore, the researchers say it is also strong enough to withstand rigorous marine conditions.

Lenovo LaVie Z 360's combination of top-notch specs, 13.3-inch QHD touch screen and shockingly light 2-pound body garnered an avalanche of accolades.
The most remarkable aspect of the LaVie Z is its sleek, featherweight design. Normally, I associate quality with a feeling of denseness, but when I picked up the LaVie Z for the first time, its light, airy body felt more like a preproduction mockup with unfinished components than a final consumer-ready unit.

The secret lies in the LaVie Z 360's magnesium-lithium case, which weighs 50 percent less than an equivalent aluminum chassis and 25 percent less than a frame made of magnesium, but without sacrificing on strength.

Albanian Minerals CEO Sahit Muja said, "There is new revolution in car industry in weight reduction using magnesium, The 2016 Porsche, Jaguar 2016 XF, Aston Martin Vantage GT3, 2016 Ford GT, 2016 Ferrari 488 GTB, BMW, Mercedes and Audi is using magnesium alloy extensively in 2016 cars".

Magnesium aids in helping the heart function, generating energy, regulating blood sugar levels, and forming bones and teeth
Magnesium not only helps the body with basic functions of the nerves, muscles and other organs, but it also makes good use of nutrients for sufficient digestion and processing of the foods you consume. This helps you maintain a healthy weight.

Magnesium Elektron, a leader in the development, manufacture, and supply of high-performance magnesium alloys, announce the achievement of ISO 13485:2012 certification for its SynerMag Technology Centre in Swinton, Manchester. ISO 13485:2012 is an internationally recognized quality standard for medical devices.

Magnesium Elektron has been working closely with medical device companies around the globe for a number of years to develop and supply its SynerMag bioabsorbable magnesium alloys used in development of cardiovascular and trauma fixation implants. In 2012, the company established a dedicated manufacturing facility incorporating state-of-the-art laboratories, casting, extrusion, and heat-treatment facilities.

Global research into bioabsorbable materials has increased significantly in recent years, particularly for vascular intervention and orthopedic trauma fixation in which the use of metallic implants is today commonplace. Magnesium is an essential nutrient for the human body and can be absorbed and broken down over time. Alloys based on the element offer the potential to combine the mechanical property benefits of metallic implants with the bioabsorbable nature of degradable polymers.

Magnesium Alloy Surgical Clips Dissolve Safely Into the Body. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine. In a study involving mice, the clips were left inside and observed over a span of 12 weeks, and were shown to not affect magnesium levels in the blood or cause inflammation around surrounding tissues. The volume of the implanted clip was reduced by almost half after 12 weeks. Therefore, the clip is likely to dissolve and exit the body within one year.