Ah, F6, oh yes .. KERMIT .. love reading about him because i love the singing of frogs .. he was the one who described the Shah as 'the CIA's jewel in the Middle East'. Sod, would have bet $$$ i'd posted a few on the man and Mossadegh here, but can only came up with this one .. http://investorshub.advfn.com/boards/read_msg.aspx?message_id=36826505&txt2find=kermit
Must be more on Mossadegh .. there was one particularly detiled one about his life ..
'nother 2009 .. How Did Iraq and the United States Become Enemies? .. By Robert Buzzanco [...]
America’s interest in the Middle East grew exponentially after World War II because of oil. The Middle East was serving as a pipeline for British and French empires prior to the war, but the U.S. quickly came to dominate the petroleum resources of the region; by 1944 American corporations controlled over 40 percent of Middle East oil reserves, and by 1955 U.S. companies were producing over 50 percent of oil from the region, and providing Europe with over 90 percent of its oil imports. .. http://investorshub.advfn.com/boards/read_msg.aspx?message_id=38921483&txt2find=Mossadegh
2010 .. Afghanistan moves in here ..
Brilliantly said, it is an an excellent personal note ..
Intelligence & civility were thrown out the door by an alcoholic bungler, a deserter, a cheater at every turn in his life AND in every sense of the word ...PLUS a religious whacko who thought he was on a mission from God. To make it even worse he was enabled + used by the creepiest political criminals in America's past ..
this wasn't his, but .. from F6's post you replied to ..
1978 .. The Taraki government proceeded to legalize labor unions, and set up a minimum wage, a progressive income tax, a literacy campaign, and programs that gave ordinary people greater access to health care, housing, and public sanitation. Fledgling peasant cooperatives were started and price reductions on some key foods were imposed. .............. http://investorshub.advfn.com/boards/read_msg.aspx?message_id=49889766&txt2find=Mossadegh
The agency finally owns up to its role in the 1953 operation.
BY MALCOLM BYRNE | AUGUST 18, 2013
Sixty years ago this Monday, on August 19, 1953, modern Iranian history took a critical turn when a U.S.- and British-backed coup overthrew the country's prime minister, Mohammed Mossadegh. The event's reverberations have haunted its orchestrators over the years, contributing to the anti-Americanism that accompanied the Shah's ouster in early 1979, and even influencing the Iranians who seized the U.S. Embassy in Tehran later that year.
But it has taken almost six decades for the U.S. intelligence community to acknowledge openly that it was behind the controversial overthrow. Published here today -- and on the website of the National Security Archive [ http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB435/ ], which obtained the document through the Freedom of Information Act -- is a brief excerpt from The Battle for Iran, an internal report prepared in the mid-1970s by an in-house CIA historian.
The document was first released in 1981, but with most of it excised, including all of Section III, entitled "Covert Action" -- the part that describes the coup itself. Most of that section remains under wraps, but this new version does formally make public, for the first time that we know of, the fact of the agency's participation: "[T]he military coup that overthrew Mosadeq and his National Front cabinet was carried out under CIA direction as an act of U.S. foreign policy," the history reads. The risk of leaving Iran "open to Soviet aggression," it adds, "compelled the United States ... in planning and executing TPAJAX."
TPAJAX was the CIA's codename for the overthrow plot, which relied on local collaborators at every stage. It consisted of several steps: using propaganda to undermine Mossadegh politically, inducing the Shah to cooperate, bribing members of parliament, organizing the security forces, and ginning up public demonstrations. The initial attempt actually failed, but after a mad scramble the coup forces pulled themselves together and came through on their second try, on August 19.
Why the CIA finally chose to own up to its role is as unclear as some of the reasons it has held onto this information for so long. CIA and British operatives have written books and articles on the operation -- notably Kermit Roosevelt, the agency's chief overseer of the coup. Scholars have produced many more books, including several just in the past few years. Moreover, two American presidents (Clinton and Obama) have publicly acknowledged the U.S. role in the coup.
But U.S. government classifiers, especially in the intelligence community, often have a different view on these matters. They worry that disclosing "sources and methods" -- even for operations decades in the past and involving age-old methods like propaganda -- might help an adversary. They insist there is a world of difference between what becomes publicly known unofficially (through leaks, for example) and what the government formally acknowledges. (Somehow those presidential admissions of American involvement seem not to have counted.)
Finally, there is the priority of maintaining good relations with allies, particularly in the intelligence arena. British records from several years ago (see the National Security Archive's posting [ http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB435/ ] today) show that the Foreign Office (and presumably MI6, which helped plan and carry out the coup) has been anxious not to let slip any official word about its involvement. To outside observers, this subterfuge borders on the ludicrous given that Iranians have assumed London's role for so long. Yet, by most indicators, the U.S. intelligence community has gone along, regardless of the consequences for Americans' understanding of their own history.
The fact that the CIA has now chosen to shift direction, at least this far, is something to be welcomed. One can only hope it leads to similar decisions to open up the historical record on topics that still matter today.
Malcolm Byrne is deputy director and director of research at the National Security Archive. You can find more new documents on the coup here [ http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB435/ ].