Trials are run based on animal testing that showed effectiveness in the animals. On that basis human trials are run.
Human trials are run because there are no perfect animal models to test in. IF there were, there would be no need for human testing. The truth is that frequently what works in animal models either doesn't work in humans or there are severe side effects in humans not seen in the animal testing.
I doubt that any company would spend the time, effort and money on a very expensive human trial if they didn't have good reason to believe that it had a good chance of success.
As far as the Rett trial.... Anavex has reason to think that 2-73 will help the Rett girls. It does not KNOW that. The animal models demonstrate positive effects that are strong enough to warrant human testing. That is a long way from knowing that 2-73 will help them.
It would be unethical to run the trial without strong prior animal results.