Amarantus Bioscience Holdings Inc (AMBS)

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Also from the same patent app... to tie it all together:

By the term "pancreatic ß-cell disorder" is meant a disease that includes, as part of its pathogenesis, a decrease in pancreatic ß-cell function (e.g., insulin secretion) or a decrease in the number of viable insulin-secreting pancreatic ß-cells present in a subject (pancreatic ß- cell mass). In some embodiments, a pancreatic ß-cell disorder can be further characterized by an increase in the endoplasmic reticulum stress in a population of pancreatic ß-cells (e.g., two or more pancreatic ß-cells) in the subject. As described herein a decrease in pancreatic ß-cell function, a decrease in the number of viable pancreatic ß-cells (pancreatic ß-cell mass), or an increase in the endoplasmic reticulum stress in pancreatic ß-cells present in a subject can be detected indirectly using the methods described herein or other methods known in the art. Non-limiting examples of pancreatic ß-cell disorders include type 1 diabetes (diabetes mellitus), type 2 diabetes, and Wolfram syndrome.