UPenn joins Harvard. Beyond Stem Cells: Scientists Transform Skin Cells to Nerve, Heart, Blood Cells November 30, 2010.
"The new direct-conversion approach avoids embryonic stem cells and the whole notion of returning to an early state. Why not just go directly from one specialized cell to another? It's like flying direct rather than scheduling a stopover." - University of Pennsylvania, one of many researchers pursuing this approach. http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSLMC000?t=7228&c=1381503