Actually, your math is slightly wrong. It's a mistake most people who don't short stocks often make.
If you short it at $1 and it goes to 0.90 where you buy it back, you have made 11%, not 10%. (Not much of a difference in this case)
Bought it at 0.90, sold it at $1, $0.10 profit.
0.10/0.90 = 11%
Your other example is also off:
If you short it at $1.20 and it goes to 0.90 where you buy it back, you have made 33%.
Bought it at 0.90, sold it at $1.20, $0.30 profit.
0.30/0.90 = 33%
The fact that you sold it before you bought it is immaterial to the percentage gain.