NorthWest Biotherapeutics Inc (NWBO)

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Stock Performance OverviewIPO in 2001: NWBO went public at around $3.75 per share.
Current Price (as of November 23, 2025): Approximately $0.24 per share.
Total Decline: Over 93% loss in value since IPO. An initial $1,000 investment would now be worth about $64, representing a ~94% loss. For many long-term holders, this qualifies as "most of their money" (e.g., 80%+ loss).

The stock has been highly volatile, with peaks (e.g., ~$9 in 2013 and ~$1.90 in 2022) followed by sharp drops, often due to dilution from share issuances, clinical trial delays, and regulatory hurdles in biotech. Cumulative company losses exceed $1.5 billion since 2001, largely borne by shareholders through value erosion.Estimating Affected InvestorsTotal Shares Outstanding: Started with ~27 million shares in 2001; now ~1.54 billion (due to massive dilution via offerings and warrants).
Ownership Breakdown (latest data):General Public/Retail Investors: 92.9% (1.43 billion shares). These are typically individual investors who bought and held.
Institutions: 0.05% (734,000 shares across 9 holders)—minimal exposure.
Insiders: 7% (108 million shares).

Given the 93%+ drop, most long-term retail shareholders (likely tens of thousands, based on typical penny stock participation) have seen major losses if they bought near highs or held through dilutions. Forums and reports highlight widespread complaints, with some estimating "many" (thousands) fully wiped out, but no official tally exists.Key Factors Contributing to LossesFactor
Impact on Investors
Dilution
Shares increased 57x since 2001, spreading value thin.
Volatility
Multiple 80-90% drops (e.g., from $9 in 2013 to $0.24).
No Profits
Ongoing losses ($91M in last 12 months); no dividends.
Litigation/Settlements
Recent option disputes canceled shares but didn't reverse losses.

In summary, while exact figures aren't available, the stock's trajectory suggests the vast majority of the ~92.9% retail ownership (potentially 50,000+ individuals, per typical OTC estimates) have lost most of their principal since 2001. If you're an investor, consider consulting SEC filings for latest ownership details.