Recent advances and future challenges of tumor vaccination therapy for recurrent glioblastoma - Published: 12 April 2023
DCVax-L was developed through this procedure. DCVax-L is an autologous DC vaccine, composed of DCs pulsed with a lysate derived from the patient's own resected tumor, which activates the immune response through a “multiplier effect”. The clinical trial on DCVax-L started to recruit in 2007 and finished in 2015, with 331 newly diagnosed patients from 94 medical centers in 4 countries [95]. Each patient could choose to accept DCVax-L again if a recurrence occurred. The inspiring result of the phase III trial was published this year, that for the 64 rGBM patients using DCVax-L, the median OS was 13.2 months while the external control group was 7.8 months, which was a statistically significant prolongation. The long-term survival was also greatly improved, that the 24 months overall survival was 20.7% versus 9.6% and the 30 months survival was 11.1% versus 5.1%. This has been the first study to succeed in prolonging the OS of rGBM in the past 27 years, which would sure to be one of the landmark clinical trials for GBM and rGBM [126]. Despite some doubts on the analysis methodology and the unclear mechanism of the vaccine, DCVax-L has proved its great potential value for clinical application.
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