There are a couple of things I would add to the mix...
I wrote some long posts several months (or years - I lose track) ago about loan value and how under reserve banking rules 90% of the principal loaned is 'created out of thin air' and how when the principal is paid, that portion 'evaporates' back in the air it was created from.
When a lending institution states how much their loan is worth, I suspect (correct me if your experience is different) they use the full 100% of the principal in their figures.
If I am right about that, $600B might turn into $60B real fast (unless it was $6T in loans to start with).
I also agree fully with your analysis on percent of ownership.
Also, you said
"they will use our money (implied over years of time) to pay us back"
YEP! Don't forget (from inflationtool.com) $1 in 2009 is worth 1.24 today. I suspect the interest on the paid off portions (if any interest has accumulated) has not even come close to keeping up with that.