micro59 Trusted USB "HUB. It is true we have been seeing things like Firmware Hub (FWH) coming from Intel with which the LPC Bus (location of the TPM) communicates so it is easy to read "hub" and decide it must fall along the same lines and be internal. However, what if the trusted USB HUB was in fact, a HUB. An external box with (an embassy inside logo) and enough USB interfaces to accommodate the keyboard, mouse, printer, scanner, card reader et cetera et cetera. As the OEM's gear up to roll out trusted graphic cards, MOBO's, Keyboards et cetera - it might make some sense to provide a quick way to safeguard all USB peripherals currently deployed...does it make sense? I guess it does since the keystrokes, mouse clicks, card swipes et cetera are still hidden from the OS. One more thought... is it possible that a standard USB HUB sold today could become a trusted USB hub by simply adding an embassy enabled token into one of the available USB HUB interfaces... oh man this medication makes me dizzy... I'm on allergy medication so this may not make any sense. This presentation mentiones the trusted hub.. "Trusted USB hub May be on motherboard, in keyboard, or anywhere in between between" Slide 12 http://www.esat.kuleuven.ac.be/cosic/seminars/slides/microsoft.presentation.tcpa.20030403.pdf Regards, C2