This is a good one on the, thanks to algae/phytoplankton colors and "NASA's new Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS)"
For years scientists have known that El Niño and La Niña change the levels of phytoplankton across the entire Pacific basin. During a normal year, winds gust at a steady rate from east to west across the Pacific and slowly blow the warm surface waters towards Australia and the Indonesian Archipelago. Over a period of time, these winds build up a "warm pool" of water in the western Pacific and leave the eastern Pacific relatively cool. This layer of warm water smothers any upwelling currents, which bring cool, nutrient-rich waters up from the depths of the sea (Njoku et al. 1993). Since phytoplankton can only survive in these nutrient-filled waters, the plants do not usually do well in the western Pacific and thrive in the eastern and central Pacific (Murtugudde et al. 1999).
Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view (SeaWiFS) images of the Galapagos islands and surrounding waters from May 9, 1998 (top) and May 24, 1998 (bottom). The equatorial current shut down by El Niño reappeared over a period of days—indicated by the high concentrations of phytoplankton chlorophyll streaming to the west in the later image. (Courtesy Gene Feldman, SeaWiFS Project)