<<Maybe the parents are what is making the difference and not necessarily Genetics...>>
Or maybe it has to do with relative affluence and "community competence", a piece of jargon which refers to more than just parental influence (though it includes it), and takes into account peer influence, what is common knowledge within a group, what is accepted and expected, all sorts of "norms", etc. And I don't want to leave out things like nutrition and an overall sense of "safety" and stability within the environment. Extemely important.
And in poorer ghetto neighborhoods, it is well known among teachers and principals that there is a great deal of school and neighborhood changing among their students. This factor is not very well noted even among education researchers and almost completely ignored by politicians. It is extemely hard to teach kids when half the kids in your class at the end of the year are different than those who were there in the beginning.
There are enormous structural problems in schools in poor areas. And not all of them have to do the building or the teachers.
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