From the same Pratt & Whitney report for period ending November 30, 2010.....
CONCLUSIONS
"This study shows that the COE from an IGCC fired on coal/biomass blends is likely to increase by 0.5 to 2.0 cents/kW-hr over the costs associated with firing on 100% coal. The actual increase will depend upon the quality of the biomass feedstock used for blending along with the percentage of biomass within the blend. To achieve parity with coal fired IGCC power plants will require a carbon dioxide (CO2) off-set credit of approximately $60/ton when blending at the 75/25 coal/biomass ratio. Furthermore, the low heating value and bulk density of biomass limits the shipping distance for this feedstock to approximately 50 miles. Finally, in regards to the PWR dry solids extrusion pump, firing on coal/biomass blends will require additional pump modifications such as longer scraper/belt lengths and perhaps the inclusion of a mechanical inducer/consolidator at the pump's belt inlet.
To alleviate these issues, it is recommended that additional effort be directed towards torrefaction processes and economics at the biomass harvesting location."
This appears to have led to the biomass torrefaction patent which we found initially including the reference to the KDS, and dated March 17, 2011.
Market Data 
Markets 
AI
