The distinction between hard and soft 10b5-1 plans is not meaningful, IMO, and no one other than BSR_David even uses these terms, as far as I can tell. From a practical standpoint, I think all 10b5-1 plans ought to be considered “soft” insofar as they afford ample loopholes to game the system.
Who had the discretion in the soft plans you saw? The executive or an "independent" third party?
Great question. This is why I don't understand why they are legal. The executive has the option. They certainly don't conform to the spirit of the law as I understand it. More importantly, when a company says, "Oh, it was a predetermined 10b-5 sale" to excuse selling they may or may not be completely accurate.
If it is a "hard" sale plan, OK. If it is a "soft" sale plan, well...
Execs have a right to sell shares. That's why we as shareholders approve shareholder plans. But shareholders have a right to understand precisely under what conditions those shares are sold. I believe the current 10b-5 program enforcement allowance for soft sales actually interferes with this shareholder right and leaves us worse off than if the rule was never made in the first place.