Click on "Manage" and any post deleted is shown whom it was deleted by.
Yes, mods can see who deleted what. But if the post in question was deleted by a Mod Squadder or by an Admin, it says only "Mod Squad" or "Admin". You don't know precisely who deleted it.
Even if you're not a moderator, you can go to your "settings" and click on "my removed posts". If the post in question was deleted by a mod, you can click on "request review". If it was deleted by an Admin, it says "reviewed by Admin", in which case you can't click, but you can write directly to an Admin protesting the deletion.