Honestly, there aren't too many real "take aways" in that doc for me... as in code that can be used out of the box... but it will give you a good idea of what SD is capable of and how to code the formulas. It takes a while to learn, but once you get your first few coded, it becomes really easy from there.
You can also use the Formula Builder (same link) to get an idea of how to generate code, but the components that are available there are extremely limited vs. what you have access to in the "Create your own formula" dialogue box within SD.
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