Russia does have a problem with a falling birth rate, but I agree the CIA report includes wishful thinking.
Polygamy was outlawed in Muslim-populated areas by the Soviets, and those caught with more than one wife faced a year behind bars. Criminal prosecution was done away with in 1998, but the practice is still banned in the Family Code.
Nationalist Duma lawmaker Vladimir Zhirinovsky tried to amend the law last November, arguing that multiple marriages would stimulate the country's falling birth rate. His bill was rejected.