The sexuality spectrum refers to the idea that people’s sexual identities and orientations are complex and resist easy classification. Instead of offering people a choice between either homosexual or heterosexual -- or even a choice between homosexual, heterosexual, or bisexual -- it provides a way of talking about sexuality along in terms of many possibilities.
The sexuality spectrum also allows for greater fluidity of sexual identity and expression. You might change from one position to another or move about the spectrum. Large-scale studies have supported both the idea that broad terms can be misleading for some people and that people often have sexual orientation ranges rather than fixed orientations.
To some extent, the shift from categories or sexuality to a sexuality spectrum is a generational shift. Millennials increasingly prefer to identify themselves along a spectrum. However, the spectrum is neither a specifically millennial phenomenon nor a concept embraced by all millennials.
Different Sexual Orientation Spectrums
The spectrum itself isn’t a singular entity. Instead of one line with complete homosexuality at one end and complete heterosexuality at the other, there are more than 200 scales people have developed to define sexuality.
The three most commonly used scales are the following:
The Kinsey Scale
In 1948, Dr. Alfred Kinsey and his research partners published Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, the first landmark study to suggest that people didn’t fit exclusively into the categories homosexual and heterosexual. Kinsey proposed a scale from zero to seven, with zero being exclusively heterosexual and seven being exclusively homosexual:
1. Only heterosexual 2. Mostly heterosexual, sometimes homosexual 3. Mostly heterosexual, but more than sometimes homosexual 4 . Equally heterosexual and homosexual 5 . Mostly homosexual, but more than sometimes heterosexual 6 . Mostly homosexual, only sometimes heterosexual 7. Only homosexual
Kinsey also provided for an additional category: X, no socio-sexual contacts or reactions.
The Klein Sexual Orientation Grid
In 1978, Fritz Klein published The Bisexual Option. In it, he outlines a grid that asks people to rate seven aspects of sexual orientation/identity from one to seven, with one being other sex/heterosexual only and seven being same sex/homosexual only. The seven aspects are:
* Sexual attraction * Sexual behavior * Sexual fantasies * Emotional preference * Social preference * Heterosexual/homosexual lifestyle * Self identification
People are asked to rate each of these aspects for three categories: past, present, and ideal.
Storms Sexuality Axis
In 1981, Michael Storms wanted to better incorporate asexuality and differentiate it from bisexuality in sexuality models. He theorized that sexuality was better discussed with respect to x and y axes, with the x axis corresponding to homosexuality and the y to heterosexuality. A zero value along either axis would correspond to no orientation in that direction, and zero values along both axes would indicate total asexuality.
All three of these models have been critiqued and supplemented in different ways, but they show a variety of ways of thinking about sexual orientation as occurring along a spectrum. They are tools for understanding. Different people find different models most helpful when it comes to articulating their own sexuality.
Other things can play a role in spectrum sexuality. Kink, fetish, and bondage, dominance, sadism and masochism (BDSM) activity can also be defined along spectrums and can play a role in intersectional sexual identities, identities that occur at the crossroads of a number of different aspects of human sexuality.
The Asexuality Spectrum
Asexuality can also be described along a spectrum. Many people have more complicated relationships with sexual desire than an asexual/sexual binary allows.
Asexuals and aromantics were the first to develop the Split Attraction Model, which can be applied outside of the asexuality spectrum as well. The Split Attraction Model proposes that for every sexual orientation/expression, there’s also a romantic counterpart. For example, some may enjoy a certain type of romantic relationship or experience but not wish to take it into a sexual arena.
Possibilities on the asexuality spectrum include:
Asexual
You don’t experience sexual attraction to other people. Even within this one category, there’s a range of individual expressions and experiences. For example, some may not experience direct sexual attraction but may enjoy the act of sex. Others may be repulsed by the idea of sexual contact. Still others might enjoy solo sexual activities such as masturbation. You may see the contraction “ace” used as a label for asexual individuals.
Aromantic
People in this group don’t experience romantic attraction. As with asexuality, aromanticism can come in a variety of forms.
Gray-Asexual (Graysexual)/Grayromantic
These terms apply to people who fall somewhere between asexual or aromantic and sexual or romantic. They’re incredibly broad, and people who identify by one of the following terms may also identify as graysexual or grayromantic.
Demisexual/Demiromantic
Demi individuals don’t experience initial sexual or romantic attraction to people. However, as time passes and relationships develop, sexual or romantic feelings may develop.
Reciprosexual/Recipromantic
You only experience attraction to someone after knowing they’re attracted to you.
Akoisexual/Akoiromantic
You experience sexual or romantic attraction, but it goes away once you learn they’re attracted to you, too. Other names for this group include akoinesexual/akoineromantic and lithsexual/lithromantic.
Aceflux/Aroflux
You move around within the asexuality spectrum or may even move outside of it at some points.
restripe, Just so you know how weak your abuse of the word "woke" comes across: A history of “wokeness”
"It’s OK you are free to answer the question I’m sure you did not want to go against The woke agenda on this board"
Absolute clarification of what "woke" originally meant. Step right up! If you have any minuscule of doubt about wokeness this is the article for you!! LOL Seriously, you'll understand how the right has dishonestly mutilated the original meaning of the word to distract from an important social concern. Toss the social in the trash . It's all political man!!!
A history of “wokeness”
Stay woke: How a Black activist watchword got co-opted in the culture war.
By Aja Romano @ajaromano Oct 9, 2020, 10:00am EDT
Before 2014, the call to “stay woke” was, for many people, unheard of. The idea behind it was common within Black communities at that point — the notion that staying “woke” and alert to the deceptions of other people was a basic survival tactic. But in 2014, following the police killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, “stay woke” suddenly became the cautionary watchword of Black Lives Matter activists on the streets, used in a chilling and specific context: keeping watch for police brutality and unjust police tactics.
In the six years since Brown’s death, “woke” has evolved into a single-word summation of leftist political ideology, centered on social justice politics and critical race theory. This framing of “woke” is bipartisan: It’s used as a shorthand for political progressiveness by the left, and as a denigration of leftist culture by the right.
On the right, “woke” — like its cousin “canceled” — bespeaks “political correctness” gone awry, and the term itself is usually used sarcastically. At the Republican National Convention in August, right-wing Rep. Matt Gaetz (R-FL) scolded “woketopians,” grouping them together with socialists and Biden supporters, as though the definition of a “woketopian” was self-evident.
[...]
“Wokeness” may be a religion, a cause for weary exhaustion, or both
restripe, So you still don't see the answer to your questions. Answers which i have made clear in each of my replies to you so far. Ok, your problem. They are still sitting there. Another here which should clarify that i am comfortable with the approach of the responsible educators and administrators dealing in the areas you are so ignorantly critical of. Yet another to your
What do you guys think about teaching kindergarten and up about transgender and other Crap like that to kids also what do you think about men playing in women’s sports bad choices that is why the Democrats will lose the 2024 election besides 100 other https://investorshub.advfn.com/boards/read_msg.aspx?message_id=168452140
YOU obviously feel no problem with high rates of bullying of minority students in schools. Also, shrug, high rates of youth suicide.
4 out of 5 parents support teaching gender and sexuality diversity in Australian schools
Published: February 15, 2022 5.45am AEDT
Authors Tania Ferfolja Associate Professor, School of Education, Western Sydney University Jacqueline Ullman Associate Professor in Adolescent Development, Behaviour and Wellbeing, Western Sydney University
Disclosure statement Tania Ferfolja has received funding for this research from the Australian Research Council. Jacqueline Ullman received funding from the Australian Research Council for the research discussed in this article. Partners Western Sydney University Western Sydney University provides funding as a member of The Conversation AU.
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Debates about how schools acknowledge gender and sexuality diversity have been ongoing in Australia. It’s often claimed parents oppose the inclusion of gender and sexuality diversity content in the teaching of their children. But our research shows four out of five parents support such content being included in the relationships and sexual health curriculum.
Until now there has been no comprehensive research in Australia that examines what parents actually want in relation to such topics in their child’s education. This lack of research-based evidence has meant even teachers are unsure .. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0742051X18305407 .. about whether or not they are allowed to discuss gender and sexuality diversity.
Our landmark study .. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14681811.2021.1949975 , published in the journal Sex Education, sheds light on this issue. Our findings challenge the idea that most parents oppose the inclusion of gender and sexuality diversity-related content in school.
What did the study find?
We surveyed 2,093 parents of students attending government schools across the nation. To ensure results could be considered nationally representative, data were weighted using a probability panel of Australian adults .. https://www.srcentre.com.au/our-research#life-in-aus . Both demographic markers (including gender, location and languages spoken at home) and attitudes to education that’s inclusive of gender and sexuality diversity were used to weight the final data set.
The survey asked fundamental questions about parents’ views on the “who, what, when” of relationships and sexuality education. There was a specific focus on how parents felt about including gender and sexuality diversity in the curriculum.
The findings show 94% of parents want relationships and sexuality education in schools, in keeping with the current Australian Curriculum .. https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/f-10-curriculum/health-and-physical-education/ . When asked about gender and sexuality diversity across six different topic areas, on average, 82% of parent respondents support their inclusion as part of the relationships and sexual health curriculum from kindergarten through to year 12.
In terms of understandings of gender diversity by students at different ages, two-thirds of parents (68%) want this topic introduced in the curriculum by the end of stage 4 of schooling (years 7 and 8). In keeping with other areas, over 80% of parents support its inclusion by the end of year 12.
Parents’ reasons for supporting inclusion were apparent in their views on the purpose of relationships and sexual health education. Given a choice of four central purpose statements, the largest group of parents (nearly 50%) felt this curriculum area should focus on student “empowerment, choice, consent, and acceptance of diversity”.
It’s about fairness, inclusion and safety
These findings reflect the culture of fairness and inclusion that most Australians believe in. The results point to parents’ understanding of the importance of inclusion. They object to the school-based harassment of gender and sexuality diverse students .. https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2021-04/apo-nid311780_1.pdf .. in this country.
In our study, nearly 90% of parents wanted to see the curriculum address discrimination and bullying of gender and sexuality diverse people. This finding speaks to their desire to create safe and welcoming schools for all students.
Teachers’ unease prevails despite federal government guidance that promotes the well-being of students. The guidelines encourage schools to create positive learning environments that foster diversity and respectful relationships and support students to feel safe, connected and included.
The public response .. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-02-11/religious-discrimination-bill-transgender-students-teachers-/100821338 .. to the Religious Discrimination Bill and its subsequent shelving highlights how it is inherently anathema to punish and exclude children and young people from school based on their identity. Australian teachers need to be supported to create a school culture where these students can feel safe, welcome and informed about their relationships and sexual health.
Educators across the country would benefit from additional guidance and support to feel confident that discussing these topics is in line with the views of the majority of their students’ parents.
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