Actually, according to one of your cites it is 4 times upper limit of "reference range". So 50 would be below even their threshold. But I agree that they found a whopping HR (>2.0) even for the range from 72 to 144. So it is a 'puzzle' why there were more deaths/strokes in the placebo group.
MCU - fid, I think your getting caught up in the mortality figures in the studies. I am an anesthetist and have provided anesthesia for hundreds of CABG procedures. I don't think MC-1 will have or could be expected to make any statistical difference in mortality rate post CABG.
I do think that MC-1 may decrease the ischemia/reperfusion injury in tissues. MC-1 inhibits calcium influx in ischemic cardiomyocytes upon reperfusion via ATP receptor antagonism.