>>> There has been much interest and growing scientific literature examining how lifestyle factors such as physical activity, education and social engagement may help build "cognitive reserve" in later years of life. <<<
I do crosswords , Sudoku , etc. and hope that it will help slow down the mental decline that I can already detect in myself , and I'd consider trying to learn a second language if I was really convinced that it would work. I have my doubts , though , about all of these studies since I'm not sure they've ruled out the possibility that the cognitive reserve is pre-existing in those people who are more likely to engage in such exercises ( " Those that can , do. " ). Thus , the activities that are believed to confer the protective effect are no more that surrogate markers for the lucky population with the built-in cognitive reserve.
This sort of cause-effect vs. association confusion is common in the popular science press and I rarely see articles that address this issue in a way that gives me any confidence in the conclusions. It's frustrating , since none of us has the time to chase down the original research every time to try to sort it out.
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