It's both the market makers AND off-shore shorters.
Up there in canada land, where they live, the rules ....wait....there ARE no rules......lol
And every shorter's dream is to get the company they're shorting onto the Greys...or bankrupt.....or whatever to where they really never have to cover....or cover at .0001 or less.
By the same token, every shorter's nightmare is for a stock to run hard....to where they start getting margin calls....lol.....and can be FORCED to buy in to cover their short...which drives the stock even higher........