I am not conflating anything, and you saying so doesn't make it so. Maximum acceleration from a catapult is the point at which the forces are the greatest in any such trajectory. Maximum g forces are transferred to the payload at the moment of release of the stored energy of the catapult. When the person tried it, he did not know if it was going to injure the animal. A normal person would probably experiment with their creation by loading it with a jug of water or a bowling ball.
It was funny when monte python shot dead cows over castle walls, but the cows were not real anyway.
I have an idea for you. Instead of going to all the trouble of a catapult, you can come and participate in the annual squirrel wars in the alfalfa fields in the desert here. Thousands upon thousands of the prairie-dog like critters are shot in competitions every spring. So many are shot and left to lay that the eagles and vultures and magpies have figured it out and congregate by the hundreds during the annual spring shoots.
Gunfire Rakes the Hayfields in a War Against the Squirrel