We didn't evolve to ride rollercoasters or rocket sleds or to lift off atop a Saturn rocket.
True, but irrelevant. Rocket sleds and roller coasters accelerate in a smoother manner so that the g forces are tolerable.
The catapult shown is not a smooth acceleration, it is like being slapped hard enough by a board to fly long distances. False equivalency. Making a trebuchet would be much more 13th century.