A reverse merger (also known as a reverse takeover or reverse IPO) is a way for private companies to go public. It's typically through a simpler, shorter, and less expensive process than that of a conventional initial public offering (IPO), in which private companies hire an investment bank to underwrite and issue shares of the new soon-to-be public entity.
In a reverse merger, investors of the private company acquire a majority of the shares of a public shell company, which is then combined with the purchasing entity. Investment banks and financial institutions typically use shell companies as vehicles to complete these deals. These simple shell companies can be registered with the SEC on the front end (prior to the deal), making the registration process relatively straightforward and less expensive. To consummate the deal, the private company trades shares with the public shell in exchange for the shell's stock, transforming the acquirer into a public company.
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