In the same exact indication, at similar (but not exact) # of events (387 of 578 vs 305/365 of 511), cabazitaxel pivotal trial which met its study objective by showing a hazard ratio of 0.70 p < 0.0001 but also failed its interim.
The second interim analysis was added after a protocol amendment to be performed at the time of the 307 deaths (the 60% of the 511 deaths in the final analysis of the protocol) to assess the primary efficacy endpoint of OS based on the O’Brien-Fleming type I error spending function. The actual number of deaths at the second interim analysis was 365 instead of 307. Therefore, the type I error of the second and final analyses were adjusted according to the O’Brien- Fleming type I error spending function. The corresponding statistical significance levels for the interim analysis and the final analysis of OS were 0.0160 and 0.0452, respectively.