"Niobium production for 2011 is estimated at 4.5-5 mkg at a cash cost of $15-17kg, compared to the 4.4 mkgs produced in 2010 at an estimated cash cost of $18 kg. Cash costs are higher at the company’s mines due a lack of byproduct to use as an offset." -IAG
vs.
"Development work followed two variants of an extractive chlorination scheme; catalyzed chlorination and phosgenation processes. The phosgenation process was taken through the pilot plant stage, however, the plant configuration is similar for both process. Both processes are demonstrably operable and appear capable of producing high purity niobium metal powder for a total cost of less than $13 / kg at a 1000 tpy (ibid.)" SRSR
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