>> The other red flag with the phase III described in the JCO article is that overall survival was increased by the addition of tesmilifine without an increase in PFS. <<
In a case like this it is helpful to see the K-M curves themselves. Comparing only the median values of the active-arm PFS and OS to their placebo-arm counterparts can be misleading.
The comparison of medians is just the horizontal distance between the K-M curves at 0.50 on the y-axis, and 0.50 may be a height at which the curves happen to be unusually close or unusually separated.
When in doubt, get the actual curves!
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