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Re: prof post# 9214

Saturday, 11/13/2004 10:19:47 AM

Saturday, November 13, 2004 10:19:47 AM

Post# of 286613
did not Nietzsche originate the quote?...It looks like Vienna has been a strategic spot throughout history






Vienna was originally a Celtic The word Celtic can refer to:
the European Celtic people
the Celtic (Lusitania), celts from the Alentejo.
Celtic Football Club of Glasgow, Scotland
a type of stone tool
the Boston Celtics professional basketball team

..... Click the link for more information. city founded around 500 BC. In 15 BC Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century

Decades: 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC - 10s BC - 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s

Years: 20 BC 19 BC 18 BC 17 BC 16 BC 15 BC 14 BC 13 BC 12 BC 11 BC 10 BC


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Events

Vienna becomes a frontier city guarding the Roman Empire against the German tribes to the north.
Chur becomes capital of Roman Rhaetia Prima.

..... Click the link for more information. , it became a frontier city ("Vindobona") guarding the Roman Empire

The Roman Empire is not the Holy Roman Empire (843–1806).

The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman state in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Caesar Augustus. Although Rome possessed a collection of tribute-states for centuries before the autocracy of Augustus, the pre-Augustan state is conventionally described as the Roman Republic. The difference between the Roman Empire and the Roman Republic lies primarily in the governing bodies and their relationship to each other.
..... Click the link for more information. against the German tribes to the north. In the Middle Ages

The Middle Ages was the middle period in a schematic division of European history into three 'ages': Classical civilization, the Middle Ages, and Modern Civilization. It is commonly dated from the end of the Western Roman Empire (5th century) until the rise of national monarchies and the beginnings of demographic and economic renewal after the Black Death, European overseas exploration and the cultural revival known as the Renaissance around the 15th century in Italy, early 16th century in Northern Europe as well as the Protestant Reformation starting in 1517.
..... Click the link for more information. , it became the home of the Babenberg Originally from Bamberg in Franconia, now northern Bavaria, the Babenbergs or Babenberger ruled Austria as counts of the march and dukes from 976 - 1248, before the rise of the house of Habsburg.

The earliest known ancestor of the Babenbergs was one Poppo, who early in the 9th century was count in Grapfeld, in the area between modern Hesse and Thuringia. One of his sons, Henry, sometimes called count of the march and duke in Franconia, fell fighting against the Normans in 886; another, Poppo, was count of the march in Thuringia from 880 to 892, when he was deposed by the German Carolingian king Arnulf of Carinthia. The family had been favoured by the emperor Charles the Fat, but Arnulf reversed this policy in favour of the rival family of the Conradines.
..... Click the link for more information. and, later, the Habsburg Habsburg (frequently spelled Hapsburg) was one of the ruling houses of Europe: rulers of Austria (as dukes 1282–1453, archdukes 1453–1804, and emperors 1804–1918), kings of Spain (1516–1700), and Holy Roman Emperors for several centuries to 1806.

The name is derived from the Swiss Habichtsburg (Hawk Castle), the family seat in the 12th and 13th centuries
..... Click the link for more information. dynasties and through the latter the capital of the Holy Roman Empire


The Holy Roman Empire should not be mistaken for the Roman Empire (31 B.C.–476 A.D.).
History of Germany
series
Franks
Holy Roman Empire
German Confederation
German Empire
Weimar Republic
Nazi Germany
Germany since 1945

The Holy Roman Empire (German: Heiliges Römisches Reich) was a political conglomeration of lands in western and central Europe in the Middle Ages. Emerging from the eastern part of the Frankish realm after its division in the Treaty of Verdun (843), it formally lasted almost a millennium until its dissolution in 1806.
..... Click the link for more information. and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k.u.k. monarchy), was a dualistic state (1867–1918) in which the Kingdom of Hungary enjoyed self-government and representation in joint affairs (principally foreign relations and defence) with the western and northern lands of the Austrian Empire under the Emperors (who were also Kings of Hungary) of the Habsburg dynasty. The full name of the federation was "The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Stephen's Crown" (Die im Reichsrat vertretenen Königreiche und Länder und die Länder der heiligen ungarischen Stephanskrone).
..... Click the link for more information. . The Ottoman Osmanlı İmparatorluğu
Devlet-i Aliye-i Osmaniye


The Ottoman Coat of Arms

Imperial motto: none

The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power

Official language Ottoman Turkish
Capital İstanbul (Constantinople)
Sovereigns Sultans of the
Osmanli Dynasty
Population ca 40 million
Establishment 1281
Dissolution October 29 1923
Currency Akçe
The Flag of Turkey which is similar to the late period Ottoman Empire flag
Part of the History of Turkey
..... Click the link for more information. Turkish invasions of Europe in the 16th (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries)
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600.


EventsBeginning of the "little ice age" a cooling period that resulted in lower crop yields across the world, and harsher climates especially in northern latitudes.
The modern square root symbol is first used.


..... Click the link for more information. and 17th (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries)
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. During this period, the power of England and the United Provinces increased; while that of Spain and Portugal declined.


Events Major changes in philosophy and science take place, often characterised as the Scientific revolution.


..... Click the link for more information. centuries were stopped at Vienna. See the Battle of Vienna
Battle of Vienna
Conflict Austro-Ottoman War, 1683-1697
Date September 12, 1683
Place Wien, Austria
Result Decisive Christian victory
Combatants
Austria, Germany, Poland Ottoman Empire
Commanders
John III Sobieski Kara Mustafa
Strength
130,000 140,000
Casualties
4,000 dead 15,000 dead
The Battle of Vienna (as distinct from the Siege of Vienna some hundred-fifty years earlier), marked the final turning point in a 250-year struggle between the forces of Christian Europe and the Islamic Ottoman Empire. Over the 16 years following the battle, the Turks would be permanently driven south of the Danube River, never to threaten central Europe again.
..... Click the link for more information. (1683
Years:
1680 1681 1682 - 1683 - 1684 1685 1686
Decades:
1650s 1660s 1670s - 1680s - 1690s 1700s 1710s
Centuries:
16th century - 17th century - 18th century


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1683 in literature
1683 in science
1683 state leaders

EventsJune 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the world's first university museum.


..... Click the link for more information. ). In 1815, Vienna was the site of the Congress of Vienna which redrew national boundaries in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte at Waterloo.
During the Cold War, Vienna was a hotbed of international espionage owning to its location in neutral Austria, between the Western and Eastern blocs.


Talent hits a target no one else can hit; Genius hits a target no one else can see.
- Arthur Schopenhauer




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