There is absolutely no connection between any of Goldman Sachs' trading activities and its investment research
Let me see now. A GS trader has the authorization to buy a Million dollars worth of 19 day expiration options without so much as bit of research being done. Followed less than 4 business hours later by a GS upgrade in the underlying security.
That's not a coincidence! It's being caught with your pants down by the NY Times. <g>