>surrogate virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).< It may serve as a surrogate in the sense that if the vaccine doesn't work in that setting, culling the herd is the standard of care. :-( <a href="http://producer.wisdairy.com/dairyresources/userfiles/bvdv.htm" target="_blank">http://producer.wisdairy.com/dairyresources/userfiles/bvdv.htm</a> In other words, they may use that as a surrogate for the same reason they don't expose humans to anthrax when testing the efficacy of potential anthrax vaccines. That and there is a separate market for BVDV vaccines...