Inhalable nanovaccine with biomimetic coronavirus structure to trigger mucosal immunity of respiratory tract against COVID-19.
Chemical Engineering Journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996), 19 Mar 2021, 418:129392 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129392 PMID: 33762883 PMCID: PMC7972832
The nanovaccine that mimic virosome is composed of poly(I:C) mimicking viral genetic material as immune adjuvant, biomimetic pulmonary surfactant (bio-PS) liposomes as capsid structure of virus and the receptor binding domains (RBDs) of SARS-CoV-2 as "spike" to completely simulate the structure of the coronavirus. The nanovaccine can be administered by inhaling to imitate the process of SARS-CoV-2 infection through the respiratory tract. Our results demonstrated that the inhalable nanovaccine with bionic virus-like structure has a stronger mucosal protective effect than routine muscle and subcutaneous inoculation. In particular, high titer of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) was detected in respiratory secretions, which effectively neutralize the virus and prevent it from entering the body through the respiratory tract. Through imitating the structure and route of infection, this inhalable nanovaccine strategy might inspire a new approach to the precaution of respiratory viruses. https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC7972832#free-full-text
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