Making both T-cells and neutralizing antibodies does sound like a good goal. And memory T-cells do matter of course. But with an adenovirus vector vaccine, how can they tell if the T-cells are against the protein antigen or against the chimp virus vector? Traditionally neutralizing antibodies support the likelihood that memory T-cells and memory B-cells have been formed. Of course the antibodies themselves fade, but they are made by T-cells and B-cells. In preclinicals, Oxford showed good T-cell responses but some of the weakest ELISA numbers on antibodies. This seemed to support their ability to prevent disease but not to avoid infection in the monkeys. Now they are suggesting a similar result would be a sign of strength in humans? Is Oxford preparing to sell us new science July 20th?