Complement-fixing antibodies were generally relatively short-lived and were less effectively induced in older children with higher malaria exposure, which could be important for vaccine implementation in locations with high malaria transmission intensity and should be further evaluated. Furthermore, we developed statistical methods to investigate antibody decay and relationships over time post-vaccination; these approaches could be highly valuable in future vaccine trial evaluation, especially as a tool to investigate the determinants of vaccine longevity and inform strategies to improve this. Our findings support future investigation of the large phase III trials to determine whether complement fixation is a valuable correlate of protective immunity and advance the development of more efficacious and long-lasting vaccines.