value area is 75% of previous days ES volume range. where most of the trades occurred. institutional traders use it. so the market stayed within value when it sold off but failed to test the bottom of value area. so a normal move is to top of value area, this is why its struggling at value area hi. there a lot of sellers there. investorshub.advfn.com/uimage/uploads/2018/1/25/efresspxjan25.png