Avid Bioservices Inc (CDMO)

[Protector]

biopharm very probably what is true for immune suppressing cytokines like IL-10 will probably be true for others like TGF-Beta.

If one measures the IL-10 secretion levels by MDSC's and uses it as an effectiveness measurement for Bavituximab then the secretion levels of TGF-Beta by Macrophages should be possible too.

In the end Bavituximab doesn't bind to the MDSC or Macrophages PS receptor but directly binds to PS and as such the effect is 'relatively' the same in terms of statistical binding chances to MDSC as to Macrophages because PS is equally CAPPED for both by Bavi.

For IL-12 and TNF-Alpha (secreted after Bavi binds FC-Gamma receptors of both MDSC's and M2 Macrophages) the story is different. At PRE-TREATMENT there levels should be LOW unless the immune system is already active. So they could be used for a FOLLOW-UP test allow to see if BAVI activated the immune system as intended.

So Roche, Novartis and other BPs that have PS-Receptor targeting techniques could come up with biomarkers who's levels are the result of PS-receptor binding on MDSC's and M2 Macrophages. And indeed they would prove the PS-Targeting point. Unfortunately for them they only each target one of the PS-receptors and Bavi targets them all 10+ at once. And that is how nature intended it because PS ALSO binds to all of them at once when exposed.