Two points. There were no effective drugs other than chemo approved when Opdivo was tested. Second, if there was other trials going on (pd-1, etc) it could be likely they would exclude patients from bavi trial and not those for chemo only drugs (blood tests).
Very interesting though. Bavi + chemo+ Opdivo = chemo + Opdivo. So are we saying Bavi plus chemo was not helped further by Opdivo. That is probably because bavi + chemo alone is maxed benefit.
Question though is bavi + pd-1 better than Opdivo plus secondary after patients progress.