Could have the late Dr. Andrew Parsa also been on the fast track to quickly learning re: PS Targeting ?
This becomes a little shocking. Now, Dr. Wolchok has been working with platforms from the late (both young..) Dr. Philip Thorpe / Dr. Andrew Parsa.
Next up would be Norm Letvin: At this time, I am only collecting dozens of puzzle pieces and this is only the beginning, but what outcome finally surfaces remains to be seen and for now, I think its important to remember all those that were part of spending their lives researching endlessly, to help the millions out there that have cancer and the late Dr. Thorpe, Dr. Parsa and Dr. Letvin are just a few that should be remembered in this battle against diseased cells, that now looks like will be won... especially since PS Targeting is in more hands than most can count or keep track of.
All 3 reports contain this lead-in: “The Kelsoe, Haynes, and Thorpe laboratories are developing immunogen formulations that trigger B cells normally tolerant to the desired Envelope epitopes and regions... Philip Thorpe is determining the role of lipid binding of anti-HIV antibodies and anti-phosphatidylserine(PS) autoantibodies to protection from HIV infection.”
HAYNES CAVD ANNUAL REPORT, SUBMITTED 9/1/07 “With Norm Letvin, a protection trial is being planned to determine if anti-PS antibodies can prevent infection or early viral destruction of the immune system in acute SIV infection.”
HAYNES CAVD PROGRESS REPORT, SUBMITTED 2/1/08 “We have completed the first protection trial to determine if anti-beta-2-glycoprotein-1 antibodies can prevent infection or early viral destruction of the immune system in acute SIV infection.”
HAYNES CAVD ANNUAL REPORT, SUBMITTED 9/22/08. “We have completed the first protection trial to determine if anti-beta-2-glycoprotein-1 antibodies can prevent infection or early viral destruction of the immune system in acute SIV infection and these pathogenic anti-lipid antibodies do not prevent HIV-1 and SIV infection in vitro and do not protect against SIV-1 infection in vivo. The team has recently found that non-pathogenic anti-lipid antibodies that do not require beta-2-glycoprotein-1 for lipid binding do prevent HIV-1 and SHIVSF162P3 (and all R5 HIVs tested) from infecting PBMC in vitro, and a prototype of non-pathogenic anti-lipid antibodies will be studied in vivo for the ability to protect against R5 SHIV infection.”
HIV, PS & CD4+ T cells, Letvin / Haynes / McMichael / Thorpe / Gates / CHAVI etc.
I expect Thorpe / Haynes / McMichael to discuss/publish info on exposed PS and the role it plays facilitating viral pathogenesis, and how blocking PS may be an important part of successful vaccines & therapy.
enjoy,
j
Nat Rev Immunol. 2006 Dec
Progress and obstacles in the development of an AIDS vaccine.
Letvin NL Dec 2006.
Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
abstract:
Recent experimental observations suggest approaches to immunization that might finally result in at least a partially effective vaccine against infection with HIV-1.
In particular, advances in our understanding of the contribution of vaccine-elicited cellular immunity to protecting memory CD4(+) T cells from virus-mediated destruction provide rational strategies for the development of this vaccine.
This is therefore an ideal time to review our current understanding of HIV-1 and its control by the immune system, as well as the remaining problems that must be solved to facilitate the development of an effective vaccine against AIDS.
Harvard Medical School professor Norman L. Letvin ’71, who was renowned as one of the scientific community’s leaders in the quest to develop an AIDS vaccine, was remembered after his death last month for not only his groundbreaking research but also his welcoming demeanor, musical gifts, and devotion to family.
Letvin, a pioneer in the use of non-human primates in AIDS vaccine research, died of pancreatic cancer on May 28 at Brigham and Women's Hospital. He was 62.
After graduating summa cum laude from Harvard, Letvin earned his M.D. from Harvard Medical School in 1975. While completing post-graduate training at the University of Pennsylvania, Letvin married Marion Stein ’71, a fellow doctor. The two returned to Boston, where Letvin completed his senior residency at Massachusetts General Hospital.
In the early 1980s, Letvin discovered simian immunodeficiency virus, a virus similar to HIV that causes an AIDS-like illness in monkeys. That momentous finding led to a workable way for scientists to test HIV vaccines.
From 1994 until his death, he served as chief of the Division of Viral Pathogenesis at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. He also edited the AIDS section of Science for 13 years.
Those who knew Letvin remembered his stunning intuition as a scientist.
“I think he just had a natural talent for asking the right questions in science,” his wife Marion said. “He knew how to set up experiments in a way that whatever the results were, the data would be useful.”
Though his laboratory at Beth Israel Deaconess was at the forefront of vital AIDS research, Letvin did not foster a tense working environment, colleagues recalled.
“His door was always open. He made everyone feel that he was extremely approachable,” said Wendy W. Yeh, a Medical School professor who worked in Letvin’s lab.
According to Igor J. Koralnik, another colleague, a popular joke in the laboratory was that even though Letvin did not own a cellphone, he remained in touch with everybody through his open-door policy.
“You’d pop in and he'd be very busy correcting papers or grants, but he would always be open—you'd never have to make appointments,” Koralnik remembered.
Letvin’s stringent editing of papers written by his lab team came to be known as “Letvinization” by the staff. Medical School professor Sampa Santra recalled that Letvin would ask his team to submit triple-spaced papers with wide margins to leave room for his extensive comments.
“He was clearly a very good writer,” said Mohammed Asmal ’95, a Medical School instructor. “And when it came time to write papers or grants, it was great to have timely feedback from him. He had a wonderful way of just being able to sit down and read through everyone’s grants and papers, which was no small feat because his lab had so many people.”
Andrew J. McMichael, a professor at Oxford University who collaborated on AIDS research with Letvin, recalled the sense of humor that he brought to his lab.
“That always helped meetings along—it helped when things were difficult and when things were going well as well,” McMichael said.
Letvin’s brilliance was not confined to the realm of science. He was first clarinetist at his high school and at Interlochen Arts Camp, which he attended for three years, according to Marion. Though his musical prowess garnered him acceptances at Juilliard and the Curtis Institute of Music, he chose to attend Harvard, where he won the Harvard Concerto Contest in 1969 and played in the Harvard-Radcliffe Orchestra, whose alumni organization he later led.
While he was in medical school, he served as a music tutor in Eliot House.
His passion for music continued throughout his life.
“When the alarm went off in the morning, it didn’t matter where it was in the music—he would name it after listening to a bar and he’d turn it off,” his wife remembered. “Then I’d turn it on again to see if he was right, and he always was.”
According to Koralnik, Letvin was discreet about his performances because he didn’t want his colleagues to feel obliged to listen to him.
When co-workers did see him play, however, they were amazed by his skill.
“He would be a totally transformed person onstage,” Santra said. “You wouldn’t believe he did anything other than music.”
A fan of high art of all sorts, Letvin also enjoyed attended Ontario’s Stratford Shakespeare Festival annually.
“He was a voracious reader and he read very quickly,” Marion Letvin said. “He was an insomniac, so he’d be up all night reading. He was known for recommending books to people.”
Letvin was also known for his care for his wife and children.
“They were a very, very closely knit family,” McMichael said. “He drew strength and support from them and gave them tremendous support. He was a family man, and I feel that it was a very important part of his character.”
According to his daughter Elizabeth M. Letvin ’13, he achieved a healthy balance between his work and his family life.
“My siblings and I were all very lucky, and we all know it,” she said.
Letvin is survived by his wife and children, Andrea, Rebecca, Adam, and Elizabeth, three of whom attended Harvard College.
A private funeral service was held on May 29, and a memorial service will take place in the fall. Donations can be made to the Harvard-Radcliffe Orchestra or Interlochen Arts Camp.
—Staff writer Petey E. Menz can be reached at menz@college.harvard.edu.
"Bavituximab is a first-in-class phosphatidylserine (PS)-targeting monoclonal antibody that is the cornerstone of a broad clinical pipeline." -- Big Pharmas nightmare... unless they are fortunate enough to have The Bavi Edge!
AI
