"There are a lot of applications where you're not making 100,000 parts for automobiles," said Apelian. "You may be making customized pieces where it's maybe one or two or four of them. These are high-integrity applications, like jet engine parts or legacy parts that nobody makes anymore. It will revolutionize the way we make things that are customized." To make that happen, though, he needs to figure out how to control the semi-solids in the manufacturing process.
"How do you control gooey, mushy metals so you have high precision when you make the deposit?" he asked. "I have to control the thixotropy or how the flow changes under the application of a force. I have to make sure it's flowing in a controlled manner."