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Remember the old saying, "Garbage in, Garbage out!"?
Wouldn't the same be true for burning hydrocarbons?
The metals in coal, and some are radioactive, when burned cause the higher temperature to burn more oxygen and nitrogen....hence more carbon dixoide and more nitrogen oxide.
Doesn't it make sense to remove the garbage from coal before it is burned?
Here are figures used in the report for world coal totals, provided by the World Energy Council (WEC) in 2004 and reproduced by BP for 2004 and 2005, taking into account the three broad classifications of the resource:
Total world reserves (at end 2002):
bituminous coal + anthracite 479 billion tons
sub-bituminous coal 272 billion tons
lignite 158 billion tons
Each coal class has a different energy content:
anthracite 30 MJ/kg
bituminous coal 18.8–29.3 MJ/kg
sub-bitiminous coal 8.3–25 MJ/kg
lignite 5.5–14.3 MJ/kg
Unlike oil, which is traded globally, coal is a regional resource: 90 percent of coal production is consumed in the country of origin. Australia is the foremost coal exporter, and last year was responsible for 30 percent of the international trade in coal, double the proportion of the next-largest exporter (Indonesia).
According to the widely accepted view, at current production levels proven coal reserves will last 155 years (this according to the World Coal Institute). The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) projects annual global coal consumption to grow 2.5 percent per year through 2030, by which time world consumption will be nearly double that of today. Meanwhile, coal remains the most environmentally damaging of the conventional fossil fuels. While it produces a quarter of the world’s energy, it is responsible for nearly 40 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, principally carbon dioxide (CO2). Efforts to sequester carbon could theoretically reduce that environmental burden, but coal is still problematic for other reasons. Sulfur, mercury, and radioactive elements are released into the air when coal is burned and are difficult to capture at source. Coal mining often destroys landscapes, and recently very fine coal dust originating in China and containing arsenic and other toxic elements has been detected drifting around the globe in increasing amounts.
The United States is the world’s second-largest producer, surpassing the two next important producer states (India and Australia) by nearly a factor of three. Its reserves are so large that America has sometimes been called “the Saudi Arabia of coal.” The U.S. has already passed its peak of production for high-quality coal (from the Appalachian mountains and the Illinois basin) and has seen production of bituminous coal decline since 1990. However, growing extraction of sub-bituminous coal in Wyoming has more than compensated for this. Taking reserves into account, the authors of the report conclude that growth in total volumes can continue for 10 to 15 years. However, in terms of energy content U.S. coal production peaked in 1998 at 598 million tons of oil equivalents (Mtoe); by 2005 this had fallen to 576 Mtoe.
This forecast for a near-term peak in U.S. coal extraction flies in the face of frequently repeated statements that the nation has 200 years’ worth of coal reserves at current levels of consumption. The report notes: “all of these reserves will probably not be converted into production volumes, as most of them are of low quality with high sulfur content or other restrictions.” It also points out that “the productivity of mines in terms of produced tons per miner steadily increased until 2000, but declines since then.”
The report’s key findings regarding future U.S. coal production are summed up in the following paragraph:
Three federal states (Montana, Illinois, Wyoming) own more than 70% of US coal reserves. Over the last 20 years two of these three states (Montana and Illinois) have been producing at remarkably low levels in relation to their reported reserves. Moreover, the production in Montana has remained constant for the last 10 years and the production in Illinois has steadily declined by 50% since 1986. This casts severe doubts on the reliability of their reported reserves. Even if these reported recoverable reserves do exist, some other reasons prevented their extraction and it is therefore very uncertain whether these reserves will ever be converted into produced volumes. Considering the insights of the regional analysis it is very likely that bituminous coal production in the US already has peaked, and that total coal production will peak between 2020 and 2030.
The report is somewhat more pessimistic than a previous independent analysis of future U.S. coal production by Gregson Vaux (“The Peak in U.S. Coal Production”), which gave America 30 to 50 years till peak.
World oil reserves running out?
published: Saturday | May 24, 2008
http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20080524/letters/letters5.html
Pennies you had GETC pegged again. GETC closed the gap with a vengance. Today's black body candle engulfed the previous two days white body candles. If you include the tail of today's candle, it the body and tail engulfed the previous three days candle/tail.
Down about 55% and recovered about half the lose by the close.
Will it need to retest today's low?
Pennies, GETC added on two more strong days since your annotated chart and has a .01 gap from the high on Friday and low on Monday. What are the odds this gap needs to fill? Can it go on unfilled?
Is it possible there is more going on than the charts are saying?
I am surprised how far it has run without a meanful correction. Had a nice consolidation which it exploded out of.
GETC hits $0.55 today! Will it move higher, consolidate, correction?
Have you done your DD?
Pennies, annotated chart on SSTP please, Thank you
Fireopal,the shares price action of the past few weeks would suggest better times are ahead for us shareholders.
New management, new technology...takes time to develop the market and put the infrastructure in place.
Pennies, GETC chart again? You nailed it twice.
After the big move up this week, what are the charts suggesting?
GETC supposedly has a big buyer(s), supposedly a naked short position, supposedly news coming, supposedly one or more coal sites coming on line soon, supposedly 5-6 weeks to bring a site online, supposedly bringing many sites online this year.
Can news of these types keep powering the price higher without much of a correction, have shallow consolidations?
Thank you.
GETC broke through the .20 resistance today!
Show some proof....otherwise you come off a spouting an unfounded accusation, using very strong language.
Why Coal Could Spike in 10 Days
http://gettopstocks.blogspot.com/2008/04/why-coal-could-spike-in-10-days.html
Why Coal Could Spike in 10 Days
By Ian Cooper | Saturday, April 26th, 2008
China coal inventories are down to a 10-day supply.
For a country burning through more coal than the U.S., the E.U. and Japan combined, that's bad news.
With country reserves at 46 million tons, as of Thursday, it only enough supply to last maybe two weeks. Some regions, like Hebei only have enough reserve to last a week.
We're talking about a country where 70% of its energy is generated by coal-fired power plants. Lucky for China there aren't any big events coming up that'd attract millions and put extra strain on the country's power grid.
Phew! That would've been a disaster.
Oh... wait.
According to China officials, the country "is likely to be short of 10 gigawatts of electricity generating capacity by this summer," meaning that brown-outs and severe power shortages could be commonplace for millions watching the Summer Olympics.
But this shouldn't come as a shock. The once abundant and reliable source of energy is in short supply and under high demand. And if you think the 50% rise in coal prices over the last five months was bad, just wait. It'll get worse.
More than 40 ships are waiting in Australian port waiting for coal deliveries, slowed by rain. China and Vietnam banned coal exports. India demand is up. Blackouts are common in South Africa and the Indonesia island of Java.
But while it's bad for China, it's great news for U.S. coal companies, which are predicting that global coal demand, will outstrip supply by 25 to 35 million metric tons. Coal consumption could rise 74% by 2030. India alone is expecting for its current annual demand of 460 million metric tons to quadruple by 2031.
That's great news for coal company earnings potential.
Digest that and we'd recommend keeping an eye on Arch Coal (ACI:NYSE), which just raised its dividend, and the Market Vectors Coal ETF (KOL), which tracks the performance of a Stowe Coal Index that includes 60 global coal production and transportation companies.
Sure, not every one is thrilled with coal. Eco-friendly friends worry that increased carbon emissions will put Earth one step closer to the grave. But we're investors. We're trying to make you as much money as possible in the shortest time possible.
Ian L. Cooper
Pictures shows that some people are joining JR's team, putting up $$$$$$, construction in Baytown, meetings with high officials....creditibility is much higher with them....
No, I do not understand the technology! I do not have experience in the field(s). I can work from the PC and communicate across the Internet...do I understand the technology? Heck NO! Not understand does not prevent me from using and investing in the technology.
I use gas in my car and I do not understand the technology in its making. I can still invest in those companies and use their products.
I will not come on the message boards and bash what I do not understand.
Sure keep up your attack on JR and ignore the potential of the technology,,,, easy to attack a person than to understand the technology.
"“a chemical hyrdrolysis with a modified pyrolysis and the use of nano bacteria”"
LFZA shareholders made out as well as you say. They made a smart investment.
You say LFZA was trading at $0.0001? at the time of the reverse merger. WOW, those LZFA shareholders really made out extremely well....they must really be thankful JR saw value in their company.
From .0001 to .022, what percentage gain it that?
It might to understand. . . . . . . .
"“a chemical hyrdrolysis with a modified pyrolysis and the use of nano bacteria”"
GETC continues to consolidate near its high...will it break to the upside, or downside?
USSE shareholders as a group own 640 million SSTP restricted shares.
LFZA shareholders bought LFZA shares for their technology and business plan. Then they were put into another technology and business plan, one they did not sign onto, and the value of their shares increased greatly. Some took advantage and sold. A person on RB posted he sold over a million dollars worth of stock.
< As an extremely optimistic long who has done DD I figured you already had those answers. >
Yes, I have done my DD!
I do not have all the answers!
Have you considered asking the author of those 8 questions?
I don't come to you for answers....very seldom read your posts except when you reply to my post.
Kingoil, get it right.... I added only point #9....
"9) The logistics to make this happen without interruptions in supply and distribution has to be huge, and scaleable as more reactors are brought online. Can you give a brief overview of the logistics and how much is in place and ready to go when USSE is ready for production?"
I believe the logistical requirements and needs have been fully considered. I believe they are moving along and will be fully in place. Haven't you taken the time to look at the pictures? I am satisfied with the so far released information.
Did LFZA shares have a nill value at the time JR came along.
The SSTP split was announced Nov 03, 2006. USSE was trading down about 50% from its high when the PR was released. A person reading the charts could have exited when indicators were overbought, or when they started to give sell signals.
Did shareholders know about the SSTP split before the PR?
Interesting chart.. .. .. .. .. .. ..
showing LFZA shares going from nill value to great value... with the reverse merger.
Show the post where I made the statement you have in quotes. Maybe just another twisting of what I said to fit your __________!
" "It won't be a lie when Mr. Rivera doesn't deliver, it will only be another 'mistake' in timing.""
Mr. Rivera is working hard to help the Countries with their energy crisis. A few US companies are stepping up to the line...IMO...more will follow.
Other Countries beside the US may be some of the first ones to step up to the challenge.
JR's technology and my investment will be reward.
Will May 01 date be met? The company I work for sets dates to complete a project and/or delivery to the client(s). Aggressive dates are set and challenges may be great. My company did not lie.
An honorable person would not carry out an agenda against a person on a message boarad, repeating many of the same themes many times?
Many promised more than they could deliver...trying to scam JR / USSE / SSTP / and shareholders. JR got rid to them and now has people joining his team, people that will deliver what they promised.
Even those trying to scam JR believed in the technology, otherwise why would they want to be partners...partners need to bring value to the table and deliver as promised...otherwise boot them out the door.
JR knows to get rid of the scams and find the real partners, partners who will bring value and deliver as promised.
< my answer : i don't believe ... >
You don't believe in JR's technology? Check out GETC's technology...that should be more difficult for you to believe!!!
Read the recent information...May 1st???? Later in the year...
CA is in the spotlight...
If I might borrow a post from another person.....
"thats right. Because if the process was worthless all people have to do is laugh at us instead of trying to drill it into eveyones head they are making some kind of mistake.
People come when there is something of value and sometimes the people are not that nice. Bottom line is if things work out the way they are suppossed to I would rather have a basher any day over what obsticals the big oil companies are going to put in JRs way. The begining has just Started!!!! Get ready"
My post was in response to your statement who is not good for the stock and share price.
You say you do not believe! Excellent!! Hope you never believe!!!
I will believe the actions of those joining JRs team and putting up large amounts of funds...Baytown expansion is not happen without funds...CA is not happening without funds.
You say, you do not believe. So, you are here to spread your disbelief! I am sure there are many BB companies with a technology, a technology they believe offers great potential, as do many shareholders. Why not check them out and if you do not believe, then spread your disbelief on those stock boards?
Maybe it is the JR attack agenda?
alstocks_98.... you seem to be wrong again...
I believe you are the one that is not good for the stock or share price!!!
What information have you posted on message boards or on a website to help investors see the progress that has been and continues to be make in Baytown and Central America?
A lot of what you post, I believe are not facts, but......
The posts by some people are geared towards attacking JR. They cannot furnish proof to dispute the technology.
If you cannot dispute the technolgy, then attack the inventor and drudge up as much negative information as possible, even if it means going back decades.
Being constantly attacked, means they are on the right track...
Seen many accusations against JR recently... and also against Ron...
Interesting that people come onto message boards and make accusations, some outrageous, and not present factual evidence in support of. When those accusations and attacks are aimed at JR and Ron(Bio) many accept and join in...they do not need not stinking proof....if it is aimed to JR and Ron.
My opinion is JR is working hard for all shareholders and the continous personal attacks, especially when they posts focus on attacking JR, are going beyond the bounds of posting information that is useful to investors.
People are joining JR teams and dollars are being spent in Baytown. They have not confidence. Not people whose main topic is personal attacks.
It is not in quotes in the editorial, so hopefully the reporter has the facts correct.....
< The consortium has inked several multi-billion dollar deals with numerous countries, including the Dominican Republic and Malaysia. >
If the reporter has the facts right, shows many people know more than just enough. Maybe they have seen specs and info that is to be kept confidential...signed confidential agreements?
http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7010664023
Do you really think that statement ends it?
THE EMOTIONAL IMPACT OF SHORT SELLERS ON INVESTORS
Richard Geist
In early September Barron's was kind enough to quote my market comment saying that, "From an historical perspective we are approaching the two worst performing months in the market. Therefore, we suggest that you invest cautiously during the next eight weeks"
With a 10% correction in the S&P 500 already achieved and the likelihood of another interest rate hike looming larger, I'm still advising caution. But in the midst of these volatile market retreats, there is a little discussed topic than can be important to small cap investors. During these volatile periods, professional short sellers seem to emerge from their bearish lairs as regularly as ghosts and goblins meander through haunted houses on Halloween.
These fury pessimists do serve a useful and legitimate purpose. They correct excesses in the stock market and often call attention to some of the shenanigans that plague our free market system. In fact, specialists could not function without the capacity to short stocks. Shorting is an emotionally manipulative device-where short sellers not only bet against the success of a company, but through rumor and innuendo, do their best to discredit management and others associated with a company. It is a process subtly carried out by a small minority of investors with the conscious intent of influencing stock prices through manipulating our emotions. Internet chat boards are a prime place for such manipulation.
Because the process is thus far largely ignored by all regulatory bodies (e.g. longs are required to file a 13D if they own more than 5% of a company, but no such requirement exists for shorts), it is important for us all to understand the emotional impact of such actions. For these short sellers often pick on small companies who have yet to produce significant revenues and earnings. It is up to us to recognize the psychological forces at work, and this is very difficult to accomplish when we're nervous about a down market.
The Normal Investment Stance
All of our investments are motivated by hope--the hope that our stock selection will provide 1) the means to achieve some of our most cherished ambitions and ideals, or 2) provide the ability to correct experiences which have been missing or insufficient in our lives. Whether our goals involve accumulating money, power, self-esteem, independence, or other idiosyncratic phenomena, hope of success underlies all investment philosophies. At the same time, most of us fear that any stock selection will repeat previous disappointments or traumatic experiences (losses) from childhood. Each of these two dimensions has unique meaning for every investor, and the understanding of such meaning can illuminate the psychological factors that determine both our rational and irrational behavior. So in this context, let's take a look at how the shorts wittingly or unwittingly impact the dread of repeating earlier feelings of vulnerability.
The Creation of Misunderstanding
One of the primary principles that motivates us all is the organizing and ordering of experience--in other words, making meaning out of our perceptions. Most of us who enjoy investing in development stage companies have done considerable due diligence before committing monies. It is our understanding of the company's products, services and management that leads to a sense of confidence in the face of risk. It is this "understanding" which strengthens our sense of self and allows us to remain invested long term in an early stage company. At the same time there is always a fear that we might be misconstruing or misinterpreting a situation. This is why it is so important for management of development stage companies to continually make themselves available to investors. For as long as we feel knowledgeable and confident, it is possible to tolerate a wide variety of emotions as early stage companies attempt to achieve success against major odds. Without this confidence and understanding, we can't tolerate glitches in the company's progress, and we tend to sell out at just the wrong time.
One of the first ploys of those attempting to manipulate our emotions is to create misunderstanding. For example, reports are published employing emotionally tinged language with highly pejorative connotations--e.g. "It's been reported that highly questionable relationships exist with the apparently unknown investment bankers..." Reported by whom? What questionable relationships? Who says they are questionable? Investment bankers apparently unknown by whom? Why does it matter if they are unknown? These are all reasonable queries in the face of such a statement. But the herd rarely challenges such distortions. Instead we buy into the demeaning and inflammatory connotations that are designed to create confusion and misunderstanding in a contextual absence of any accurate facts to support a particular author's pejorative biases.
When we feel we've misjudged a stock pick, a number of interesting psychological phenomena take place. The containment of strong emotion becomes impossible (thus the normal self doubt characterizing such investments is no longer tolerated); psychological defenses such as paranoia are mobilized, and the confidence in our decisions begins to break down. In a word, the successful creation of misunderstanding leads to significant self-doubt, which is increasingly difficult to tolerate, and eventuates in exiting an important position at exactly the wrong time.
Adhominem Arguments
An Adhominem argument is defined as one that is directed at destroying the validity of a proposition, product, technology or service by attacking a person's character rather than addressing the rational flaws in the company's product or technology. For example, a CEO might be attacked because one of his or her shareholders had been involved in an unrelated shady deal ten years ago; thus, by implication, the reader takes away the idea that the CEO might be dishonest also. Or the Chief Financial Officer may have worked for a company that went into bankruptcy in the past, thus implying that the CFO had a direct responsibility for the bankruptcy and will repeat his or her mistakes in the present situation.
Many of us remain with a small company through difficult times because we admire and respect its management. One of the requirements for maintaining our investment confidence is our connection with available others who can be admired, looked up to and felt to be a source of strength and empowerment. (This is one reason, why we become so frustrated and angry when management lets us down, and it is this rage, which fuels many frivolous shareholder lawsuits). By calculating ways to destroy the credibility of such admired others, the enemies of a company attempt to weaken investors' connections to their admired management. Psychologically, this disruption tends to temporarily short-circuit our self-assurance, leading to a drop in self-esteem and vitality--and thus our investment staying power. For it is our imagined (or real) connection with a competent management that safeguards against mistrust and second-guessing ourselves.
Contagious Emotions
It is a fact of life that emotions can be contagious. Whenever our sense of self weakens, a psychological regression takes place in which cognitive functioning no longer remains at a logical rational, level. In other words, rather than maintaining our usual cognitive sophistication when making reasoned judgements, we begin to associate words and concepts with their emotional connotations. For example, the word red no longer denotes a color along a spectrum; it connotes danger. When the media wittingly or unwittingly relies on short sellers for their headlines "du jour" (those sound-bytes that sell newspapers or attract viewers) the media choose emotionally laden topics designed to appeal to investor emotion, usually suspicion and paranoia. For example, if a struggling company resorts to a Reg.-S stock offering, company detractors can point to the numerous underhanded stock deals that have occurred in what is actuality a legal and legitimate mode of financing. Such comments rarely include an analysis of the specific deal under discussion to determine its merits, or the fact that the financing may have been, for example, obtained at market rates rather than at the usual discount. The seeming intent of such inflammatory language is to evoke in investors an internal response, which has some affinity to the author's pejorative analogy by relying on the fact that emotions are contagious. Such subtly biased (positive or negative) writing has been referred to in the literature as "journalism of illusion," and more recently by Robert Samuelson as "junk journalism."
The World as Attacker
Whenever we feel threatened by anxiety, misunderstanding, or blatant attacks on our judgements, capacities or character, we become emotionally vulnerable. At his point our sensitivities become heightened. Sights, sounds, smells, off hand comments, or rumors that are typically ignored become very disturbing to us. Such vulnerability includes a readiness to experience the world as an attacker because the stimuli to which we have become so sensitive become organized in a paranoid way in order to be mastered. This is the reason why those who use emotionally manipulative devices can so easily disrupt financing arrangements. The investment bankers who are potentially open to funding development stage companies become just as caught up in the generated paranoia as the average investor. Furthermore, these investment bankers succumb to herd mentality, saying to themselves, if Merrill Lynch or Smith Barney hasn't jumped to secure the company's business, why should we?
The Negative Use of the Obvious
Many concepts in the investment world are taken for granted, but these notions are easily manipulated to appear anomalous. For example, a common ploy when discussing development stage companies is to point out that the company has never reported any meaningful sales or earnings. One could argue that such comments either reflects very little experience investing in development stage companies, or that someone is attempting to turn the obvious into frightening revelations. It contributes to the naïve impression that one should not invest in companies, which have shown no profits. As a specialist in development stage companies, it seems fair to say I have never seen a development stage company that has produced revenues and earnings. But the negative use of the obvious creates a psychological feeling of estrangement in us--e.g. how could I be so stupid as to invest in a company with no earnings or revenues"? The distortion of common sense facts fosters a sense of enfeeblement in one's sense of self, as we feel exposed to such an "obvious" mistake.
The Illusion of Objectivity
Those attempting to manipulate investor emotion set themselves up to become the admired, omnipotent, and reliable purveyor of objective information to others. Playing on the notion that companies sometimes exaggerate the benefits of their products or services, these individuals display an unshakable self-confidence in their statements and express their "knowledge" with absolute certainty. Usually they'll back it up by erroneous or out of context statements from ostensibly reputable studies which are not made available to investors. These characteristics are especially designed to sway those of us whose self-esteem has been temporarily damaged during periods of market upheaval. For it is during such periods that we are seeking hard facts and certainty. Much like cult leaders, the "experts" surface at this point to "objectively" point out the moral flaws in other's personalities and behavior.
It is only by recognizing these subtle, manipulative devices that we can avoid acting irrationally -especially in the face of volatile market retreats.
(c) 1999 Richard Geist
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I have taken a large position in other stocks in the past, buying because of what I thought was the potential, or because of what I thought the company's performance might be based on their technology and business plan. Some companies I have been wrong, completely wrong, and because the reason for buying was no longer valid, based on my DD, I sold and moved on. I did not stay around to bash the company or its management. They might still perform but my reasons were no longer valid, sold and moved on.