California Non-compete agreements are automatically void as a matter of law in California, except for a small set of specific situations expressly authorized by statute
Even in EU countries, can't be overly broad e.g.:
Germany In Germany, CNCs are allowed for a term up to two years. The employer must provide financial compensation for the duration of the CNC amounting to at least half the gross salary.[11] Unreasonable clauses – for example, excluding similar jobs throughout the whole of Germany – can be invalidated.
France In France, CNCs must be limited in time to a maximum of two years and to a region where the employee’s new work can reasonably be seen as competitive. The region can be a city or the whole country, depending on the circumstances. The employer must pay financial compensation, typically 30 percent of the previous salary.[10] A CNC may not unreasonably limit the possibilities of the employee to find a new employment.