NorthWest Biotherapeutics Inc (NWBO)

[Doktornolittle]

Thanks for the Animation Flipper.

That does help. PD-L1 is apparently a white flag that the tumor displays on the surface in response to detecting anti-tumor activity. A white flag as in ... "I'm a good guy, don't kill me", not "I give up". Those tumors are not very honorable.

Knowing that much will give me traction as I read more detailed descriptions of that part of the immune system. Without that, it was all gobbeldy-goop (sp?).

Now I need to learn why in the world such a function would exist. If there is some good function for PD-L1 in the immune system, then PD-L1 blocking with synthetic antibodies would be dicey.

I will keep in mind: This is a quickly expanding field, and any therapy undergoing the lengthy Phase 1,2, and 3 trials required could be improved by the time you get to the end. You can't worry about that. Just know that however good the results, it is likely the process can be tweaked after approval to get even better results. The most worthy of therapies for such a long approval process would be therapies with a broad approach, such as DCVax-L where only minor tweaking or supplementation need be considered after approval.