The Rising Influence of Rising Affluence

[OakesCS]

hydrocarbon fraction GDP

not one of my areas but... appears to be very lumpy both in terms of percentages of GDP for various countries and in data availability and organization.

some countries are simple, e.g. oil revenues are ~40% of GDP for Saudi
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cabs/Saudi_Arabia/Background.html

oil production data for other countries http://www.eia.doe.gov/cabs/index.html
some have as percentage of GDP. keep in mind that for countries like Saudi Arabia the numbers are estimates and the error bars may be large.

as for the US it looks like the number you cited is high by almost 10x
http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2010/tables/10s0654.pdf

the CIA factbook is convenient for some of the info you want but it looks like it could take some time
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2012.html?countryName=United States&countryCode=us®ionCode=na&#us

you specified hydrocarbons, if you're including coal in that mix, then the job gets tougher.