Nuclear Planet

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Iran rules out suspending enrichment program

By GEORGE JAHN 07.19.08, 9:05 AM ET

GENEVA - Iran on Saturday ruled out freezing its uranium enrichment program, casting doubt over the value of its talks with six world powers less then an hour after they started.

The talks - with the U.S. in attendance for the first time - had raised expectations of possible compromise on a formula under which Iran would agree to stop expanding its enrichment activities. In exchange, the six powers - including the five permanent U.N. Security Council members - would hold off on passing new U.N. sanctions against the Islamic Republic.

But the comments from Keyvan Imani, a member of the Iranian delegation, appeared to indicate that his government was not prepared to budge on enrichment - at least going into the talks.

"Suspension - there is no chance for that," he told reporters gathered in the courtyard of Geneva's ornate City Hall, the venue of the negotiations.

There also appeared to be little progress inside the talks.

A Western diplomat in Geneva familiar with their substance said the Iranians were focusing on "the second or third step" of substantial negotiations without addressing what the six powers say is a prerequisite for such talks to happen - a freeze of their enrichment program.

The presence of U.S. Undersecretary of State William Burns at the talks - the first instance of the Americans attending such meetings - had led to hopes of compromise.

The enrichment issue is key because the activity can produce either fuel for nuclear power stations or the material used in the fissile core of warheads. Iran has defied three sets of U.N. sanctions demanding it cease its program, saying it has a right to its peaceful uses under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. But there is growing concern the Islamic Republic might want to build nuclear weapons instead.

Recent Iranian statements suggest Tehran is looking to improve ties with the United States, with officials speaking positively of deliberations by the Bush administration to open an interests section - an informal diplomatic presence - in Tehran after closing its embassy decades ago.

Although the U.S. says the Geneva talks focus only on the nuclear issue, Iranian Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki said Friday they could also result in agreements to open a U.S. interest-protection bureau and have direct flights between the two nations.

U.S. interests in Iran are now represented by the Swiss Embassy in Tehran.

Iran and the United States broke off diplomatic relations after the 1979 Islamic Revolution and hostage crisis at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran. Official contacts between the two countries are extremely rare.

Imani said Tehran had not yet received a proposal from the U.S. on opening a representation but would "study it positively" if it did.

But he downplayed the presence of Burns - although the Americans had previously said they would not talk with the Iranians on nuclear issues unless Tehran was ready to stop all enrichment activity.

"He is (just) a member of the delegation" of the six countries engaging Iran on the nuclear issue, he said.

He also denied that the "freeze-for-freeze" formula - a stop to Iranian enrichment growth in exchange for no new U.N. sanctions - was formally on the agenda of the Geneva talks.

Chief EU envoy Javier Solana and Iranian negotiator Saeed Jalili left together as the talks broke for lunch, speaking earnestly with each other. Burns followed some time later, accompanied only by an aide. All three declined to answer questions.

The Western diplomat - who demanded anonymity because his information was confidential - said Solana would try to coax Jalili into agreeing to discuss the "freeze-for-freeze" concept and focusing on substantial negotiations.

The United States and its five partners - Britain, France, China, Russia and Germany - remain committed to getting a full halt to Iranian enrichment. Still, Burns' decision to attend the Geneva talks shows that Washington may accept "freeze-for-freeze" - something less than full suspension - at least as a first step.

"Freeze-for-freeze" envisions a six-week commitment from both sides. Preliminary talks meant to lead to formal nuclear negotiations would start, Iran could continue enrichment but only at its present level, and the U.S. and its allies would stop pushing for new U.N. sanctions.

If this results in the start of formal talks, the Iranians would stop all enrichment temporarily. Those talks, in turn, are meant to secure Tehran's commitment for an indefinite ban on enrichment.

http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2008/07/19/ap5232189.html