Hi Weby, as I posted following those millions of shares traded at the close of the Russell rebalance, those were "market at close" orders. Most mutual funds buy or sell shares w/ "market at close" orders simply because thier investors are only allowed to buy or sell their fund at the "closing" price. That keeps the risk out of the transactions. Their buyers buy at the same price the fund does; their sellers sell at the same price the fund does. That always insures NAV (net asset value) is the same for buyers and sellers and leaves the fund risk free on each transaction. It's very fair. Now ETFs (Exchange Tranded Funds) which mimic almost all funds (especially index funds) can buy and sell all day. Which BTW have lower management fees. The ability to buy or sell an ETF all day coupled w/ their generally lower fees have made them the preferred investment over most mutual funds. I'm sure you knew this but posted for others who may not have.