Mac, dilution means the creation of shares and sending them out into the market, and in this case of dilution trading those new shares (equity) to pay off the bondholders (debt), thus the phrase debt for equity swap.
Today there are 242Million shares of Chemtura stock out there, the A/S, think of it as a big Chemtura pie that you own a little slice of. What could happen here is that, and just to make it simple, I will choose to have Chemtura create 242Million more shares and trade them to people that the company owes money to, the bond holders. The Chemtura pie is now doubled in size, but has the same value. You will still own the same amount of shares, your slice of the pie is the same size, but the pie is twice the size it used to be, but the pie has not changed in value.
But as the company comes out of bankruptcy, your shares will (hopefully) remain in tact and the price per share will go up considerably. Let's say that if we came out of bankruptcy right now, with a leaner, more profitable company and the value of the company was that each share was worth $14. If they were to double the A/S and we came out of bankruptcy with the same new company, the shares would be worth $7 each. Which is a whole heck of a lot better than the shares being canceled.